全固态电池关键材料硫化锂的制备研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0517

Abstract

Abstract:

All-solid-state lithium batteries are the next generation of batteries，which are expected to replace existing lithium-ion batteries due to their high energy density and high safety.Sulfide solid state electrolytes have attracted much attention from researchers because of their high ionic conductivity and excellent mechanical properties，however，the main factor limiting their application is their high price，which is attributed to the high cost of lithium sulfide，the key raw material for the preparation of sulfide solid state electrolytes.Lithium sulphide is highly susceptible to hydrolysis and the synthesis process is complex.The current status of laboratory synthesis of lithium sulfide was reviewed，and the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were analysed.In response to the high cost of synthesizing lithium sulfide in the laboratory，the current synthesis threshold of lithium sulfide from the industry side was analyzed，the mainstream process technology routes in the current industry side was summarized，and the tonnage threshold of mainstream process technology routes was analyzed and compared.The industrialization prospects of four mainstream technology routes were compare from six dimensions：raw material safety，product quality，raw material cost，difficulty of industrial equipment development，technological defense，and production safety.The challenges and development directions faced by the industrialization of lithium sulfide was discussed.

Key words: lithium sulfide, preparation method, inexpensive, industrialization analysis

CLC Number:

TM912.9

SUN Jiale, TIAN Huan, LEI Zhen, YANG Liu, ZHONG Zhaozi, CHEN Ge. Research progress on preparation of lithium sulphide key material for all-solid-state batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(8): 12-20.

Figures/Tables 6

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合成方法	原料	优点	缺点
球磨法	金属锂、氨基锂、亚氨基锂、氮化锂硫粉	工艺简单，环境友好，无废液产生	原料成本高，反应时间长，转化率较低，所得产品存在杂质，提纯复杂，产业化设备不易选型
液相法	金属锂、氢氧化锂、萘化锂、丁基锂硫粉、硫化氢、乙醇、己烷、甲苯、乙醚、四氢呋喃、N-甲基吡咯烷酮	液相反应充分完全，不易残留杂质，产品提纯容易；不需要高温处理，能耗较小；工艺简单，工况较易控制	有机溶剂易燃、易爆、易挥发，环境污染严重，不易回收；工况危险性高，较难控制
高温/ 高压法	金属锂、氢氧化锂、碳酸锂硫蒸汽、硫化氢	工艺流程简单，且有效利用高温高压密闭反应的优势，避免有害溶剂泄漏，大大缩短制备流程	高温、高压，工况不易控制，设备选型要求高，增加了反应过程及后处理的风险
碳热还原法	硫酸锂、碳材料、乙醇	反应更易控制，解决了因硫化锂遇水、氧敏感而导致的生产和储运困难的问题；提高产品收率和性能；改善传统硫化锂/碳复合材料制备工序复杂的现状；提高活性材料在锂硫电池正极的分散性；提升锂硫电池的电化学性能	工艺技术尚需优化完善，产品质量不稳定，复合材料形貌可控性较差

评比维度	金属锂和硫法	硫化氢和氢氧化锂法	碳热还原法	浆态还原法
合成工艺-原材料安全性	2	1	3	2
产品品质	3	2	1	2
原料成本	2	2	3	2
产业化设备开发难易程度	1	2	3	2
技术防御性	1	1	1	3
生产安全性	1	1	2	2
总分	10	9	13	13

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Research progress on preparation of lithium sulphide key material for all-solid-state batteries

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