从报废NCA型锂离子动力电池中回收金属的研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0019

Abstract

Abstract:

Due to the widespread application of NCA-type lithium-ion power batteries in the new energy field and the high value of the elements they contained，in order to enhance the advancement of recycling technologies for used batteries，the "roasting-water leaching" technology was proposed to replace the acid leaching technology in the hydrometallurgical recycling process.The phase changes during the recycling process and the main factors affecting the recovery rates of Li，Co，and Ni elements were studied through TG-DSC，XRD，XPS，SEM-EDS，thermodynamic analysis，and ICP-OES.The research results showed that a chemical transformation occured during the mixed roasting process，generating new phases，accompanied by obvious weight loss and endothermic phenomena.When the mass ratio of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂（NCA） to KHSO₄ reduced from 1:0.14 to 1:1.84，the phase change rules were as follows Li：LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂→Li_0.21Co_0.79O and KLiSO₄；Ni：LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂→NiO and K₂Ni₂（SO₄）₃；Co：LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂→Li_0.21Co_0.79O and K₂Co₂（SO₄）₃.The valence states of Ni and Co elements evolved as follows Ni：+2，+3→+2；Co：+3→+2，+3.Under the conditions of a mass ratio of NCA to KHSO₄ of 1:1.84，roasting at 600 ℃ for 0.5 h，water leaching at 50 ℃ for 0.5 h，a stirring rate of 120 r/min，and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 25:1 （mL/g），the leaching rates of Li，Co，and Ni were 95.10%，52.68%，and 10.42%，respectively.Compared to traditional hydrometallurgical processes，this technology avoided the use of strong acids and enhanced the overall recovery rate of valuable metals through the selective extraction of lithium elements，contributing to the economic efficiency of recycling spent lithium-ion power batteries.

Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries, LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂, roasting-water leaching, phase transformation, metal recovery

CLC Number:

TQ131.11

LI Yanqiang, WANG Dahui, CHEN Huaijing, PENG Xiaoping, SONG Xiaolong. Study on recovery of metals from spent NCA-type lithium-ion power batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(10): 24-31.

Figures/Tables 8

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Study on recovery of metals from spent NCA-type lithium-ion power batteries

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