退役锂离子电池正负极片原电池法自驱动浸出研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0352

Abstract

Abstract:

With the explosive development of lithium-ion battery（LIBs） applications caused by the rapid development of electric vehicles and energy storage devices，a large number of spent LIBs have been generated，in which the abundant heavy metals and toxic electrolytes will threaten to the environment and human health if handled improperly.At present，traditional hydrometallurgical recovery technology has been widely utilized，but complex preprocessing processes and significant consumption of reagents hinder the sustainable development of hydrometallurgy.On the other hand，current research mainly focuses on recycling cathode materials rather than anode materials.The development of green and efficient recycling methods for spent LIBs cathode and anode materials not only has ecological significance but also can effectively make up for the shortage of mineral resources in China.Based on this，a self-driven primary battery leaching system for directly recovering of both spent LIBs cathodes and anodes was proposed to achieve synchronous recycling of metals（Li⁺：94.42%，Co²⁺：86.18%，Al³⁺：100.00%，Cu²⁺：270.6 mg） in HCl system while outputting energy.Thermodynamics and experimental analysis indicated that the reduction nature of HCl and the formation of complexes between Cl^- and valuable metals ions induced the forward movement of the leaching equilibrium.

Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries, cathode and anode sheets, hydrometallurgy, self-driven leaching, galvanic cell

CLC Number:

TQ131.11

FU Tongtong, HE Ting, ZHOU Shiyu, GU Shuai. Study on self-driven leaching of spent lithium-ion batteries cathodes and anodes with galvanic cell structure[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(7): 35-43.

Figures/Tables 14

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阴极	阳极	浸出条件	浸出率
正极粉末与石墨混合^［16］	惰性电极	1.5 mol/L H₂SO₄、298 K、0.8 A、150 min	Ni⁺：90.59%； Co²⁺：90.53%； Mn²⁺：66.40%； Li⁺：100%
2 cm×2 cm铂片^［17］	2 cm×2 cm正极片	0.05 mol/L K₂SO₄、298 K、2.5 V、3 h	Li⁺：95.02%
钛网^［18］	正极粉涂覆于5 cm×6 cm碳布	700 r/min、2 V	Li⁺：91.37%
黏结正极片与铂片^［19］	铂电极	1.25 mol/L苹果酸、8 V、180 min、343 K	Li⁺：94.17%； Co²⁺：90.45%
4 cm×4 cm正极片^［20］	铂电极	0.8 mol/L H₂SO₄、323 K、30 mA/cm²、50 min	Ni⁺：95.68%； Co²⁺：95.09%； Mn²⁺：94.61%； Li⁺：97.2%

元素名称	质量分数/%	元素名称	质量分数/%
C	72.62	O	5.27
F	21.76	Co	0.35

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on self-driven leaching of spent lithium-ion batteries cathodes and anodes with galvanic cell structure

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