无机盐工业面临碳达峰碳中和的挑战与创新发展机遇

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0055

Abstract

Abstract:

Traditional inorganic chemicals are processed separately with independent mineral resources.The production resources and energy fail to follow the production principle of circular economy recycling,recycling and graded utilization,and the efficiency of energy consumption in the whole life cycle is no high.In order to achieve carbon peaking,carbon neutralization and meet the needs of new industries,it is necessary to develop new technologies and processes of inorganic salt chemical resources coupling low-carbon.On the basis of the advanced process technology mode of coupling titanium dioxide and wet process phosphate with titanium,phosphorus and sulfur resources,taking the energy storage material lithium iron phosphate as an example,it was proposed to couple ilmenite,apatite and limonite and produce energy storage materials of iron phosphate and lithium iron phosphate products according to the green process technology route of “element economy”.The challenges of energy conservation and carbon reduction faced by phosphorus chemical industry,titanium chemical industry and lithium chemical industry in the upstream of lithium iron phosphate three elements,as well as the opportunities and market development prospects of coupling new technology innovation were discussed.

Key words: carbon peak, carbon neutralization, lithium iron phosphate, phosphate chemical industry

CLC Number:

TQ115

GONG Jiazhu,ZHOU Guimin,WU Ninglan,WANG Weilin,QIAO Guangqin. Challenges and innovative development opportunities of carbon peak and carbon neutralization faced by inorganic salt industry[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(4): 46-54.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Table 2

Advantages and disadvantages of DH,HH and HDH production methods[1]"

湿法磷酸生产方法	优点	缺点
DH	1）工艺技术成熟,操作稳定可靠,单系列规模大,国内外装置数量多;2）对各种磷矿及成分变化适应性强,操作灵活易调整,P₂O₅收率较高,可达96.5%;3）装置运行率高,达到85%以上;4）对防腐、材质要求不高,只需普通不锈钢;5）可采用磷矿浆,湿磨磷矿能耗低、投资省、环境好,易于输送、计量和加入;6）国内建成装置多,在设计、设备制造、安装、生产操作等方面积累了丰富经验,工艺技术和大部分设备实现了国产化,可降低总投资。	1）过滤酸浓度低,需进行浓缩才能满足高浓度磷肥、磷复肥生产的需要,消耗蒸汽,增加成本;2）对磷矿细度要求比较高,增加磨矿能耗;3）产品酸中杂质含量高。
HH	1）工艺流程短,投资相对较低;2）可直接得到w（P₂O₅）=42%~45%的磷酸,无需浓缩即可用于高浓度磷肥、磷复肥生产,不消耗蒸汽,成本低; 3）可以使用较粗的磷矿,磨矿能耗低;4）产品酸质量好,杂质含量低;5）省去了稀磷酸贮存、输送的投资和运行费用。	1）P₂O₅收率低,仅为90.0%~92.0%;2）过滤系统等易结垢,需要频繁清理,运行率低;3）反应温度高,防腐蚀、磨蚀材质要求高;4）对磷矿质量要求高,且不能用磷矿浆;5）磷石膏中 P₂O₅含量高,不利于综合利用;6）生产w（P₂O₅）=50%~52%湿法磷酸时仍需要浓缩。
HDH	1）可直接得到w（P₂O₅）=42%~45%的磷酸,无需浓缩即可用于高浓度磷肥、磷复肥生产,不消耗蒸汽,成本低;2）P₂O₅收率较高,可达98.5%;3）可以使用较粗的磷矿,磨矿能耗低;4）产品酸质量好,杂质含量低;5）总能耗低,生产成本最低;6）磷石膏质量好,利于综合利用。	1）生产操作控制较难,运行率较低;2）反应温度高,防腐蚀、磨蚀材质要求高;3）对杂质敏感,对磷矿质量要求高,且不能用磷矿浆;4）流程长,对材质要求高,投资比DH方法高;5）生产w（P₂O₅）=50%~52%湿法磷酸时仍需要浓缩。

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

References 36

[1]	龚家竹. 饲料磷酸盐生产技术[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2016.
[2]	张跃, 王秀萍, 龚家竹. 磷石膏环保问题及资源利用的科技创新[J]. 无机盐工业, 2013, 45(5):30-32.
[3]	龚家竹. 一种石膏生产水泥联产硫酸的生产方法:中国,103496861B[P]. 2015-10-28.
[4]	龚家竹. 节能降耗的石膏生产水泥联产硫酸的方法:中国,103964715B[P]. 2015-11-11.
[5]	龚家竹. 磷石膏硫资源循环利用生产技术[J]. 化肥工业, 2017, 44(3):11-20,25.
[6]	龚家竹. 钛石膏与磷石膏固废耦合资源化利用技术进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2019, 51(1):1-6,11.
[7]	李自炜, 吴宁兰, 龚家竹. 饲料磷酸盐的绿色可持续发展生产技术[J]. 武汉工程大学学报, 2017, 39(6):541-549.
[8]	李自炜, 周萌, 吴宁兰, 等. 全球饲料磷酸盐生产技术与发展趋势[J]. 无机盐工业, 2016, 48(4):6-12.
[9]	龚家竹. 我国饲料磷酸盐技术发展纪事[J]. 磷肥与复肥, 2018, 33(12):38-43,69.
[10]	龚家竹. 一种盐酸制取饲料磷酸氢钙的磷矿全资源利用的生产方法:中国,105819415A[P]. 2016-08-03.
[11]	龚家竹. 一种用磷矿中自身的钙源制取饲料磷酸氢钙的方法:中国,105883741A[P]. 2016-08-24.
[12]	龚家竹. 一种磷肥生产中氟资源回收的方法:中国,105776221A[P]. 2016-07-20.
[13]	龚家竹. 一种从饲料磷酸盐脱氟渣中回收氟资源的方法:中国,105819452A[P]. 2016-08-03.
[14]	郝虎, 龚家竹, 池济亨. 一种饲料级、工业级和技术级磷酸一铵生产方法:中国,1305945A[P]. 2001-08-01.
[15]	龚家竹. 中国钛白粉行业60年发展历程及未来发展趋势[J]. 无机盐工业, 2020, 52(10):55-63,83.
[16]	龚家竹. 论中国钛白粉生产技术绿色可持续发展之趋势与机会[C]// 中国涂料协会钛白粉分会.首届中国钛白粉行业绿色制造论坛, 2017.
[17]	龚家竹. 中国钛白粉绿色发展前景[C]// 中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会.第37届中国化工学会无机酸碱盐学术与技术交流大会, 2017.
[18]	龚家竹. 用盐酸法人造金红石生产废液的综合利用生产方法:中国,104016415A[P]. 2014-09-03.
[19]	龚家竹. 氯化废渣的资源化处理方法:中国,104874590A[P]. 2015-09-02.
[20]	龚家竹. 氯化法钛白粉生产技术的思考与讨论[C]// 中国涂料工业协会钛白粉行业分会.2019年全国钛白粉行业年会暨安全绿色制造及应用论坛, 2019.
[21]	龚家竹. 全球钛白粉生产技术现状与发展趋势[C]// 中国化工信息中心.第十九届国际精细化工原料及中间体(铁山港)峰会, 2019.
[22]	龚家竹, 池济亨, 郝虎, 等. 一种钛白粉副产废硫酸用于湿法磷酸的生产方法:中国,1376635A[P]. 2002-10-30.
[23]	龚家竹, 江秀英. 硫酸法生产钛白粉过程中稀硫酸的浓缩除杂方法:中国,100581994C[P]. 2010-01-20.
[24]	龚家竹. 硫酸法钛白粉生产废硫酸循环利用技术回顾与进展[J]. 硫酸工业, 2016(1):67-72.
[25]	罗修才. 硫磺掺烧硫酸亚铁制酸装置生产实践与装置特点[C]// 全国硫酸工业信息站.2013年第三十三届中国硫酸工业技术交流年会, 2013.
[26]	宁延生. 无机盐工艺学[M]. 北京: 化学工业出版社, 2013.
[27]	刘够生, 王林林, 刘跃龙. 硫酸铵法利用中低品位锂瓷土矿制备碳酸锂技术研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2020, 52(10):125-129.
[28]	龚家竹. 钛、磷、氯耦合原料生产钛白粉项目前瞻[C]// 中国涂料工业协会钛白粉行业分会.第三届中国钛氯化技术与原料应用研讨会, 2015.
[29]	龚家竹, 李欣. 硫酸法钛白粉生产技术面临循环经济促进法存在的问题与解决办法[J]. 无机盐工业, 2009, 41(8):15-17.
[30]	HUANG Guiqing, MO Boshan, MO Youde. Methods of making low cost electrode active materials for secondary bartteries from ilmenite:US,9577257[P]. 2017-02-21.
[31]	龚家竹, 陆祥芳, 吴宁兰, 等. 自拟合纳米二氧化钛催化污水处理剂的研究与开发[J]. 无机盐工业, 2020, 52(5):59-64.
[32]	こん家竹. 自己結によ〤ノ触媒型污水处理剂の生产方法:JPO,特許第6984085[P]. 2021-11-29.
[33]	GONG Jiazhu. Production method of self-fitting nano catalytic wastewater treatmwnt agent:US,10781124[P]. 2019-02-19.
[34]	龚家竹. 一种硫酸法钛白粉生产废水全资源循环利用的生产方法:中国,112499813A[P]. 2021-03-16.
[35]	龚家竹. 一种硫酸法钛白粉生产过程中七水硫酸亚铁的结晶方法:中国,112357966A[P]. 2021-02-12.
[36]	龚家竹. 一种磷石膏生产水泥联产硫酸的方法:中国,112694067A[P]. 2021-04-23.

方法和工艺技术	业绩			工艺技术特点										磷石膏 w（P₂O₅）/ %
方法和工艺技术	已建规模装置/ 套	装置总产能（以 P₂O₅计）/ （万t·a^-1）	单系列最大规模（以P₂O₅ 计）/（t·d^-1）	磷矿加料种类	工艺技术对磷矿适应性	过滤磷酸 w（P₂O₅）/ %	P₂O₅ 回收率/%	磷石膏分离次数	反应槽温度/℃	再结晶槽温度/ ℃	每年可达到作业天数/d	能耗（以 P₂O₅计）/ （MJ·t^-1）	可变成本比率/ %	磷石膏 w（P₂O₅）/ %
DH- PrayonⅣ	148	1 900.0	1 800	磷矿浆	强	20~30	96.5	1	70~85	—	317	8 332	100.0	≤0.9
HH-OXY	5	51.6	1 270	干矿粉	弱	42~45	90.0~92.0	1	90~100	—	290	5 468	92.5	1.0~2.0
HDH- Nissan-C	8	80.4	1 100	干矿粉	弱	42~45	98.0~98.5	2	90~100	50~60	300	5 594	91.0	0.2~0.3

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Challenges and innovative development opportunities of carbon peak and carbon neutralization faced by inorganic salt industry

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 14

References 36

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Comments

Recommended 0

[1]	ZHAO Runze, QIAN A′niu. Research progress of lithium recovery for spent lithium-ion batteries and preparation in battery-grade lithium carbonate [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(12): 70-78.
[2]	LI Ping, LI Jun, CHEN Ming. Study on process of recovery of Fe（Ⅲ） from spent lithium extractant and preparation of battery grade iron phosphate [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(10): 28-37.
[3]	WANG Zihan, LI Jun, CHEN Ming, ZHOU Qingyu. Study on preparation of battery grade ferric phosphate by co-precipitation of ferric nitrate and phosphoric acid [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(7): 51-57.
[4]	PAN Xiaoxiao, ZHUANG Shuxin, SUN Yuqing, SUN Gaoxing, REN Yan, JIANG Shengyu. Research progress of modified-LiFePO₄ as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(6): 18-26.
[5]	CHEN Yan, YANG Xiaobo, TIAN Puzhou. Probing into high-quality development path of CNOOC′s refining and petrochemical industry toward carbon peak and carbon neutrality [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(4): 6-12.
[6]	CHEN Yujue, ZHANG Liangjun, KUANG Huan, JIANG Manwen, XIAO Li. Study on roasting and recovery process of waste lithium iron phosphate powder with sodium bisulfate [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(3): 113-117.
[7]	SUN Yongjun,ZHENG Huaili. Development trend of inorganic aluminum iron salt coagulant under carbon peak and carbon neutralization mode [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(4): 55-60.
[8]	YANG Wenyu,LIN Zhiya,FU Hong,YAN Wenyue,LIN Jianping,GUAN Guiqing. Study on surface potential of lithium iron phosphate based on kelvin probe technology [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(11): 65-70.
[9]	Zhang Guangpeng,Wu Huijun,Liu Yanchen,Yang Lixiu. Silica aerogel insulation materials and their application for building carbon reduction [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(9): 1-5.
[10]	Hu Xu,Dong Lingyu,Li Wencui,Hao Guangping. Preparation of transition metal-nitrogen co-doped porous carbon-based CO₂electro-reduction catalyst through photochemical method [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(6): 8-13.
[11]	Zhang Ting,Lin Sen,Yu Jianguo. Research progress in synthesis and performance enhancement of LiFePO₄ cathode materials [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(6): 31-40.
[12]	Liu Peiwen,Dong Peng,Meng Qi,Yang Xuan,Zhou Siyuan. Research development of solid phase regeneration of cathode material of spent lithium iron phosphate batteries [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(9): 6-8.
[13]	Guo Ju,Jia Shuangzhu. Study on the one-step hydrothermal synthesis of LiFePO₄ and its properties [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(6): 36-40.
[14]	Wang Jiatai,Zhao Duan,Ma Lianhua,Zhang Caihong. Research progress of LiFePO₄ cathode materials for Li-ion battery [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(4): 18-22.
[15]	Chen Lei,Zhao Longtao,Chen Zhenyu,Li Guang. Preparation of spherical lithium iron phosphate material and its 18650 battery test [J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2019, 51(8): 25-28.