阳离子对弗氏盐法除氯产物特性的研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0256

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高弗氏盐（FS）沉淀法除氯产物的回收价值，主要研究水体中阳离子（Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺）对形成除氯沉淀物晶体结构、沉降性能、脱水性能及其离子交换性能的影响。研究发现，从晶体结构来看，MgCl₂与CaCl₂溶液中形成的FS层间距更大，FS更不稳定，层间离子易发生离子交换。此外，MgCl₂中的FS产物呈现最大的晶粒尺寸，这种晶粒异常生长现象可以归因于Mg²⁺的掺杂改变了晶界迁移率，从而使局部晶粒生长速率提高了几个数量级。由于Zeta电位的不同，3种溶液产生的FS沉降性能存在差异。在由NaCl和CaCl₂溶液产生的除氯污泥中加入PAM（聚丙烯酰胺），会导致沉淀物的平均粒径增大，沉降速率提高，尽管这对沉降性能的改善并不显著；但PAM的添加能显著改善MgCl₂除氯污泥的沉降性能，添加质量浓度为200 mg/L的PAM可以使其SV₁₂₀（120 min污泥沉降比）从100.0%降至43.0%。在真空、板框、离心3种脱水方式中，NaCl除氯污泥适用于真空脱水，而CaCl₂和MgCl₂的除氯污泥适用于板框脱水，并且PAM的添加可以改善污泥的脱水性能。

关键词: 弗氏盐, 沉降性能, 脱水性能, 离子交换性能

Abstract:

The effects of cations（Na⁺，Ca²⁺，Mg²⁺） on crystal structure，settling performance，dewaterability and ion exchange properties of the chloride removal precipitates were studied in order to improve their recovery potential.It was found that in terms of crystal structure，the FS layers formed in MgCl₂ and CaCl₂ solutions were more widely spaced，the FS was more unstable，and the interlayer ions were prone to ion exchange.In addition，the FS products in MgCl₂ showed the largest grain size，which could be attributed to the grain boundaries with doping of Mg²⁺ to change the grain boundary mobility and thereby the local grain growth rate by several orders of magnitude.In addition，differences in FS settling performance produced by the three solutions existed due to differences in Zeta potential.The dosing of PAM could increase the settling velocity by increasing the average particle size of the precipitates，but it did not improve the settling performance much.PAM significantly improved the settling performance of the chloride removal sludge of MgCl₂.The addition of 200 mg/L PAM to the dechlorinated precipitate in MgCl₂ solution reduced SV₁₂₀ from 100.0% to 43.0%.Among the three mechanical dewatering methods，vacuum，plate and frame，and centrifugal，the chloride removal sludge of NaCl was suitable for vacuum dewatering，while the dechlorinated sludge of CaCl₂ and MgCl₂ was suitable for plate and frame dewatering，and the addition of PAM could reduce the bound water content of the sludge cake.

Key words: Friedel′s salt, settling performance, dewaterability, ion exchange property

中图分类号:

TQ124.4

陈承启, 张亦伟, 赵晓丹, 朱巧灵, 周振, 夏庆. 阳离子对弗氏盐法除氯产物特性的研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025, 57(6): 70-76.

CHEN Chengqi, ZHANG Yiwei, ZHAO Xiaodan, ZHU Qiaoling, ZHOU Zhen, XIA Qing. Study on effect of cations on properties of chloride removal products by Friedel′s salt process[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2025, 57(6): 70-76.

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样品	层间距/Å	晶粒尺寸/nm
NaCl	7.78	52.2
CaCl₂	7.84	50.4
MgCl₂	7.82	276.3

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