二维钙钛矿材料制备技术研究进展

doi:10.11962/1006-4990.2021-0692

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

钙钛矿因具有可调性结构、低缺陷密度、高载流子迁移率以及带隙可调等优异的物理化学特性而被广泛地应用于太阳能电池和光电探测器等光电器件领域。二维钙钛矿材料由于维度和厚度尺寸减小，引起量子限域效应，使得电子-空穴相互作用增强，激子结合能增大。因此，二维钙钛矿材料与其块体材料相比表现出了更优异的光电特性，并且稳定性增强，迅速成为二维材料领域的研究热点。结合近几年国内外研究现状，综述了剥离法、液相法和气相法等3种二维钙钛矿材料的制备方法，分析了各种方法的优缺点，并对其未来的发展进行了展望。指出二维钙钛矿材料的研究需要重点关注以下两个方面:1）开发一种简单可行的大规模生产大尺寸、高质量、环境友好以及高稳定性的二维钙钛矿材料的制备方法仍然是该领域研究的重点，3种制备方法中气相法是非常有可能实现大规模生产大尺寸、高质量二维钙钛矿材料的有效途径，但是急需解决的问题是降低设备成本以及通过改进工艺条件来提高二维钙钛矿材料的生长速度；2）二维钙钛矿材料在太阳能电池、光电探测器、LED等光电器件领域已经表现出很好的应用前景，但是光电器件的工作原理以及如何精确调控材料形貌与发光性能等这些基础研究仍然需要更深入的探讨，也是未来关注的重点。

关键词: 钙钛矿, 二维材料, 太阳能电池, 光电器件

Abstract:

Perovskite is widely used in the field of optoelectronic devices such as solar cells and photodetectors because of its excellent physical and chemical properties，such as tunable structure，low defect density，high carrier mobility and adjustable band gap.Because the dimension and thickness of two?dimensional perovskite materials are reduced，the quantum confinement effect is caused，which enhances the electron hole interaction and increases the exciton binding energy.Therefore，compared with bulk materials，two?dimensional perovskite materials show better photoelectric properties and enhanced stability，and quickly become a research hotspot in the field of two?dimensional materials.Combined with the research status at home and abroad in recent years，the preparation methods of two?dimensional perovskite materials such as stripping method，liquid phase method and gas phase method were reviewed，the advantages and disadvantages of each method were analyzed，and their future development was prospected.It was pointed out that the research of two?dimensional perovskite materials was needed to focus on the following two aspects:1）developing a simple and feasible preparation method for large?scale production of two?dimensional perovskite materials with large size，high quality，environmental friendliness and high stability was still the focus of research in this field.Among the three preparation methods，gas phase method was very likely to achieve large?scale production of two?dimensional perovskite materials with high quality，However，the urgent problems to be solved were to reduce the equipment cost and improve the process conditions to improve the growth rate of two?dimensional perovskite materials；2）Two dimensional perovskite materials had shown good application prospects in the fields of solar cells，photodetectors，LEDs and other optoelectronic devices，but the basic research on the working principle of optoelectronic devices and how to accurately control the morphology and luminous properties of materials were still needed to be further discussed，which was also the focus of attention in the future.

Key words: perovskite, two?dimensional materials, solar cells, optoelectronic devices

中图分类号:

O472

杜淼,郑霄,胡明悦,马元,杜青青,段悦娜. 二维钙钛矿材料制备技术研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(9): 14-20.

DU Miao,ZHENG Xiao,HU Mingyue,MA Yuan,DU Qingqing,DUAN Yuena. Research progress on preparation technology of two?dimensional perovskite materials[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(9): 14-20.

图/表 5

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