无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2023, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 78-84.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0638

• 环境·健康·安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

电石渣旋流分离制备脱硫剂及副产石膏研究

杨悦1(), 朱干宇1(), 张建波1, 孟子衡1, 刘鑫辉2, 杨靖3, 颜坤1, 彭宗贵2, 王秋剑3, 李会泉1,4   

  1. 1.中国科学院过程工程研究所,中科院绿色过程与工程重点实验室,战略金属资源绿色循环利用国家 工程研究中心,北京 100190
    2.华能沁北发电有限责任公司,河南 焦作 454650
    3.北京亘源;环保有限公司,北京 101300
    4.中国科学院大学化学工程学院,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-01 出版日期:2023-05-10 发布日期:2023-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 朱干宇(1988— ),男,博士,副研究员,研究方向为固废资源综合利用;E-mail:gyzhu@ipe.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:杨悦(1995— ),女,硕士,主要研究方向为电石渣资源化利用;E-mail:yangyue@ipe.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    华能集团科技项目(HNKJ21-HF294);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFC1908805);国家自然科学基金项目(22008247);中国科学院绿色过程制造创新研究院自主部署项目(IAGM-2019-A09)

Study on preparation of desulfurizer and byproduct gypsum from calcium carbide slag by cyclone separation

YANG Yue1(), ZHU Ganyu1(), ZHANG Jianbo1, MENG Ziheng1, LIU Xinhui2, YANG Jing3, YAN Kun1, PENG Zonggui2, WANG Qiujian3, LI Huiquan1,4   

  1. 1. CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering,National Engineering Research Center of Green Recycling for Strategic Metal Resources,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China
    2. Huaneng Qinbei Power Generation Co., Ltd., Jiaozuo 454650,China
    3. Beijing Genyuan Environmental Protection Co., Ltd., Beijing 101300,China
    4. School of Chemical Engineering,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China.
  • Received:2022-11-01 Published:2023-05-10 Online:2023-05-15

摘要:

电石渣是电石法生产乙炔过程产生的固体废渣,是替代石灰石制备低碳脱硫剂的良好原料,但应用过程存在杂质含量高、粗颗粒难以分离等问题。针对以上问题,可采用多级旋流杂质分离法分离电石渣中的杂质和大颗粒组分,在优化条件下电石渣旋流分离效率可达93.97%。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)等对电石渣的形貌、组成和物相进行表征,系统分析电石渣旋流前后组成、粒度变化,并对电石渣中杂质的赋存形态和分布规律进行详细地探讨。研究结果表明,电石渣中钙主要以氢氧化钙形式存在且旋流分离前后含量相差不大,杂质主要包括三氧化二铁、氧化铝、氧化镁、二氧化硅、硫、碳和水溶性氯离子等;旋流分离后二氧化硅、氧化铝在细渣中富集,并以铝硅酸盐形式存在;三氧化二铁、碳在粗渣中富集,其中碳以单质碳和碳酸盐形式存在;氯、镁含量较低但分布均匀,铝硅分布集中,铝硫分布集中且铝硫颗粒主要嵌在电石渣颗粒上。采用电石渣旋流细渣作为脱硫剂进行烟气脱硫,工业副产脱硫石膏含水率为13.20%,石膏中二水硫酸钙质量分数为90.01%。该研究可为电石渣资源化利用提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 湿法电石渣, 旋流分离, 杂质赋存, 脱硫石膏

Abstract:

Calcium carbide slag is a solid waste from the process of producing acetylene by calcium carbide,which is a good raw material to replace limestone in the preparation of low carbon desulfurizer.However,there are some problems in the application process,such as high impurity content and difficult separation of coarse particles.To solve the above problems,multistage cyclone impurity separation was used to separate the impurities and large particles of calcium carbide slag.The efficiency of cyclone separation of calcium carbide slag reached 93.97% under optimized conditions.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),X-ray fluorescence spectrometer(XRF) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) were used to characterize the morphology,composition and phase equality of calcium carbide slag.The changes of composition and particle size before and after the cyclone were systematically analyzed,and the occurrence form and distribution law of impurities in calcium carbide slag were discussed in detail.The results showed that calcium in calcium carbide slag was mainly existed in the form of calcium hydroxide,and the content was not different before and after cyclone separation.The impurities mainly included ferric oxide,aluminum oxide,magnesium oxide,silicon dioxide,sulfur,carbon,and water-soluble chloride ions.After cyclone separation,silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide were enriched in fine slag and exist in the form of aluminosilicate.Ferric oxide and carbon were enriched in the coarse slag,and carbon was existed in the form of elemental carbon and carbonate.The contents of chlorine and magnesium were low and uniformly distributed,aluminum and silicon were concentrated,aluminum and sulfur were concentrated,and aluminum and sulfur particles are embedded in calcium carbide slag particles.Using calcium carbide slag cyclone fine slag as desulfurizer for flue gas desulfurization,the water content of desulfurized gypsum by industrial by-product was 13.20%,and the mass fraction of calcium sulfate dihydrate in gypsum was 90.01%.The above research could provide reference for the resource utilization of calcium carbide slag.

Key words: wet calcium carbide slag, cyclone separation, occurrence of impurities, desulfurization gypsum

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