钛基化合物在锂硫电池中的应用

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0236

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂硫电池是极具实用前景的新型高能量密度电池体系之一,但在充放电过程中会产生可溶于液态电解液的多硫化锂,引发穿梭效应和硫的快速损失,导致电池的容量和循环性能难以满足实用化的要求。钛基化合物的结构多样且易于调控,对多硫化锂也有较强的吸附能力和催化转化活性,是抑制穿梭效应的常用材料之一。主要介绍了钛基化合物对多硫化锂的物理限域、化学吸附和催化转化能力等性质,系统讨论了不同种类的钛基化合物在锂硫电池正极中的作用,在此基础上对钛基化合物在锂硫电池中的应用前景进行了探讨。

关键词: 钛基化合物, 锂硫电池, 物理限域, 化学吸附, 催化转化

Abstract:

Lithium-sulfur batteries（Li-S batteries） is among the most promising candidates for novel batteries with high ener-gy density.However,the shuttle effects resulted from the highly soluble lithium polysulfides in charging and discharging pro-cesses lead to the loss of active materials,low capacities and inferior cycling performances,hindering the practical application of Li-S batteries.The titanium（Ti）-based compounds with versatile interface properties and easily controllable structures are widely used to suppress the shuttle effects due to their strong adsorption ability and catalytic activity towards polysulfides con-version.The physical confinement,chemical adsorption,and catalytic conversion roles of Ti-based compounds in Li-S batte-ries were introduced.The roles of different kinds of Ti-based compounds in the cathode of Li-S batterie were discussed system-atically.On this basis,the application prospect of Ti-based compounds in Li-S batteries was discussed.

Key words: Ti-based materials, lithium-sulfur battreies, physical confinement, chemical adsorption, catalysis

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

刘子琛,张玢,谷思辰,吕伟. 钛基化合物在锂硫电池中的应用[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021, 53(6): 14-22.

Liu Zichen,Zhang bin,Gu Sichen,Lü Wei. Applications of titanium-based compounds for lithium-sulfur batteries[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2021, 53(6): 14-22.

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正极添加剂/中间层材料		倍率（C）	初始容量/ （mA·h·g^-1）	循环寿命/次	容量衰减率/%	硫载量/ （mg·cm^-2）
氧化物	TiO_2-_x球壳/S正极^[28]	0.2	1 100	200	0.095	0.8
	S@TiO_2-_x多层壳正极^[29]	0.5	903	1 000	0.021	0.5
	“蛋黄-蛋壳”结构S-TiO₂正极^[10]	0.5	1 030	1 000	0.033	0.4~0.6
	TiO@C/S正极^[30]	0.5	1 066	500	0.082	1.5
	SCM（介孔碳）/S-αTiO₂正极^[31]	1.0	1 201	200	0.135	0.75
	S@TiO₂/聚吡咯纳米线正极^[32]	1.0	900	500	0.098	—
	Ti₄O₇/S正极^[23]	2.0	850	500	0.060	0.75~0.9
氮化物	介孔TiN/S^[33]	0.5	988	500	0.070	1.0
	氢氟酸刻蚀TiN/S正极^[34]	0.5	1 017	200	0.175	1.5
	3DNG/TiN/Li₂S₆正极^[25]	0.5	1 250	60	0.280	9.6
	TiN-H₂S中间层^[35]	1.0	480	500	0.039	3.4
	TiN-O-有序介孔碳（OMC）/S正极材料^[36]	5.0	726	120	0.064	1.4
碳化物	TiC@G/S正极^[24]	0.2	1 032	100	0.350	3.5
碳化物	S/TiC-CNFs正极^[37]	1.0	1 079	350	0.120	1.0
异质结构	Ni₃S₂-TiO₂异质结构/石墨烯/S正极^[38]	0.5	980	900	0.004	—
	TiO₂-TiN异质结构中间层^[39]	1.0	688	2 000	0.013	3.1
	石墨烯-TiC异质结构中间层^[40]	1.0	560	500	0.032	1.1~1.4

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