海水综合开发与高效利用研究进展

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0355

Abstract

Abstract:

In addition to containing the vast majority of Earth′s water resources，the oceans also hold huge amounts of mineral resources.At present，the resources obtained from seawater are relatively single and prone to waste，while also having adverse effects on marine ecology.The main resources，development methods，and future development directions of concentrated seawater，a byproduct of seawater desalination were summarized and analyzed.The resource development processes and current status of sodium，potassium，magnesium，lithium，uranium，and bromine in concentrated seawater was focused，the development trends of related processes and technologies were analyzed and summarized，and the existing seawater comprehensive utilization projects in China were introduced.With the implementation of the development concept of circular economy and green marine economy in China，the effective utilization and development of mineral resources in concentrated seawater would inevitably become new source of various resources.

Key words: desalination, concentrated seawater, resource extraction, circular economy

CLC Number:

P746.1

PEI Hongchang, YUE Maowen, LIU Jianlu, LI Zhongfang, CHEN Xiaoyu. Research progress of comprehensive development and efficient utilization of seawater[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(2): 21-29.

Figures/Tables 7

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提取方法	原理	优点	缺点
水蒸气蒸馏法^［44］	氯气将水中Br^-氧化，再利用水蒸气蒸馏法将溴蒸出	收率较高、工艺流程简单	能耗较高，低浓度Br^-体系效果不佳
空气吹出法^［45-47］	氯气将水中Br^-氧化，Br₂被压缩空气吹出，随后被吸附剂吸收	工艺路线成熟，生产稳定，对Br^-的浓度要求不高	设备投资和能耗较高，资源利用率较低
离子交换法^［48-49］	将水中Br^-与树脂中OH^-交换	操作相对简单，效率较高	易受Cl^-、I^-等杂质离子影响，树脂易受污染
电化学氧化法^［43］	以海水为电解液，阳极上Br^-被选择性氧化成Br₂	工艺简单，生产清洁，能耗较低	生产效率较低

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Research progress of comprehensive development and efficient utilization of seawater

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