废旧动力电池正极材料再生工艺研究进展
收稿日期: 2024-01-29
网络出版日期: 2024-04-02
基金资助
贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑［2017］2024);贵州省先进电化学储能器件及关键材料科技创新人才团队建设项目（黔科合平台人才-CXTD［2023］016）
Advances in regeneration processes of cathode materials for spent power batteries
Received date: 2024-01-29
Online published: 2024-04-02
近十年来新能源汽车快速发展，根据动力电池的使用寿命估算，将有一大批动力电池达到报废标准。对废旧电池回收再生既能减少环境污染，又可以降低电池原料成本。常见的回收再生工艺包括湿法回收、火法回收、直接再生等。湿法回收率高、操作温度低，是国内普遍采用的回收方法；火法回收可以省去预处理工序，但是存在一定的资源浪费且能耗较高。近年来，直接再生技术迅速发展，该技术可以在不破坏正极材料原结构的情况下进行修复，是很有前景的回收再生技术。然而，要进一步提高资源回收率、降低回收成本、减少环境污染，上述回收方法都需要进一步完善。总结了动力锂离子电池正极材料回收再生的工艺和近年来的新技术进展，分析了存在的问题，展望了未来的发展趋势。
葛建华 , 谢敏燕 , 欧阳全胜 , 邵姣婧 . 废旧动力电池正极材料再生工艺研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2024 , 56(12) : 79 -87 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0060
In the past decade，electric vehicles have seen significant development.Based on the life assessment of power batteries，there will be numerous end-of-life batteries.On the one hand，the regeneration of spent batteries can avoid environmental pollution，and on the other hand，it can reduce the cost of raw materials.Common recycling processes include hydrometallurgy，pyrometallurgy，direct regeneration，and so on.Hydrometallurgy has a high recovery rate and low operating temperature，which is widely used in China.Pyrometallurgy can eliminate the pretreatment process，but there is a certain waste of resources and high energy consumption.In recent years，direct regeneration has seen great progress，which can be applied without destroying the original structure of the cathode material，so it is a promising recycling method.However，to further increase resource recovery rates，reduce costs and pollution，the above methods need to be further improved.The advances in regeneration of cathode materials of spent power batteries in recent years were summarized，the challenges were analyzed，and the development trends were proposed.
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