三价铬电沉积工艺研究进展
收稿日期: 2023-04-11
网络出版日期: 2023-12-14
基金资助
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJQN202101132);重庆市自然科学基金面上项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0418)
Research progress of trivalent chromium electrodeposition process
Received date: 2023-04-11
Online published: 2023-12-14
传统的铬电沉积工艺普遍使用六价铬,其过程中会产生有毒酸雾等污染性物质,造成环境污染。相比六价铬,三价铬电沉积工艺具有能耗低、毒性小、污染小等优势,有长远的应用前景。由于不同镀液体系中离子沉积方式存在差异,三价铬的电沉积机理一直缺乏充分阐明,尤其是铬离子还原的中间历程及控制步骤。故研究镀液体系及不同镀液中三价铬的电沉积机理是解决沉积过程中一系列问题的关键。金属铬电沉积工艺包括铬的电镀和电解,文章基于三价铬电沉积工艺,从电镀及电解两个方面进行综述分析,重点围绕铬电沉积机理、铬镀液组成及组分应用、隔膜电解铬进行论述。最后对三价铬电沉积工艺未来研究方向提出了进一步改进膜电解装置和研究沉积过程中铬的非线性非平衡行为等展望。
田雨 , 张政 , 张兴然 , 陈洁 , 王艳 , 彭浩 . 三价铬电沉积工艺研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023 , 55(12) : 26 -35 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0209
Hexavalent chromium is commonly used in traditional chromium electrodeposition process,which can produce toxic acid fog and other polluting substances,resulting in environmental pollution.Compared with hexavalent chromium,trivalent chromium electrodeposition technology has the advantages of lower energy consumption,less toxicity and less pollution,so it has a long term application prospect.Due to the different ion deposition modes in different bath systems,the electrodeposition mechanism of chromium trivalent has not been fully elucidated,especially the intermediate process and control steps of chromium ion reduction.Therefore,it is the key to solve a series of problems in the deposition process to study the plating solution system and electrodeposition mechanism of trivalent chromium in different plating solutions.Chromium electrodeposition process includes chromium electroplating and electrolysis.Based on the trivalent chromium electrodeposition process,the electroplating and electrolysis were summarized and analyzed from two aspects,focusing on the mechanism of chromium electrodeposition,the composition and component application of chromium plating solution,and diaphragm chromium electrolysis.Finally,the future research direction of trivalent chromium electrodeposition was prospected,such as further improving the membrane electrolysis device and studying the nonlinear non-equilibrium behavior of chromium during deposition.
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