钠盐活化赤泥-煤矸石酸浸液制备聚合氯化铝
收稿日期: 2022-06-24
网络出版日期: 2023-04-13
Preparation of poly-aluminum chloride from acid leaching liquor of red mud-coal gangue activated by sodium salt
Received date: 2022-06-24
Online published: 2023-04-13
以钠盐活化赤泥-煤矸石酸浸所得滤液为原料，通过对其蒸发除钠、碱化聚合等步骤制得聚合氯化铝絮凝剂（PAC）。首先研究了酸浸液中杂质离子浓度对PAC品质的影响，并通过蒸发结晶方式选择性去除杂质离子；随后探究了聚合工艺条件（温度、时间、碱化剂添加速度）对PAC盐基度和Al2O3含量（质量分数）的影响。结果表明，当酸浸液中Na+浓度小于0.5 mol/L时，制得PAC产品的盐基度和Al2O3含量符合GB/T 22627—2022《水处理剂 聚氯化铝》的要求；基于NaCl、AlCl3、CaCl2、FeCl3的溶解度差异，可通过蒸发结晶方式选择性除钠，将酸浸液中Na+浓度控制在0.5 mol/L以下；蒸发结晶母液再经适宜的聚合条件（聚合温度为80 °C、聚合时间为120 min和碱化剂添加速度为8.0 mL/min），可制得符合GB/T 22627—2022品质要求的PAC产品；采用实际酸浸液制得的PAC用于生活污水处理的效果优于市售絮凝剂，对COD、浊度、UV254的去除效率分别可达85.62%、76.36%和70.31%。
王丽娟 , 燕可洲 , 郭志强 , 赵仲鹤 , 郭彦霞 , 程芳琴 . 钠盐活化赤泥-煤矸石酸浸液制备聚合氯化铝[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023 , 55(4) : 76 -83 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0386
Poly-aluminium chloride（PAC） was prepared from the acid leaching liquor of sodium activated red mud-coal gangue activated by sodium salt through evaporation crystallization and alkalization polymerization.Firstly，the effect of impurity ion concentrations in acid leaching liquor on the quality of PAC was studied，and the impurity ion was selectively removed through evaporation crystallization.Then the effects of polymerization conditions including temperature，time and adding rate of alkalizing agent on the basicity and Al2O3 content of PAC were evaluated.The results showed that the basicity and Al2O3 content of the prepared PAC were qualified according to national standard GB/T 22627—2022 when Na+ concentration was lower than 0.5 mol/L in the acid leaching liquor.Based on the solubility difference of NaCl，AlCl3，CaCl2 and FeCl3，sodium could be selectively removed by evaporation crystallization，and the concentration of Na+ in the acid leaching solution could be controlled below 0.5 mol/L.The PAC product meeting the quality requirements of GB/T 22627—2022 could be prepared by evaporating the crystallization mother liquor and then passing through the appropriate polymerization conditions（polymerization temperature was 80 °C，polymerization time was 120 min，and alkalizing agent addition rate was 8.0 mL/min）.The flocculation performance of PAC obtained from the acid leaching liquor for domestic sewage treatment was better than that of commercial flocculant，and the removal efficiencies of COD，turbidity and UV254 were 85.62%，76.36% and 70.31%，respectively.
Key words： red mud; coal gangue; evaporation crystallization; PAC; flocculation performance
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