萃取法脱除湿法磷酸金属阳离子新工艺开发
收稿日期: 2022-06-07
网络出版日期: 2023-03-17
Development of new process of removing metal cations from wet-process phosphoric acid by extraction
Received date: 2022-06-07
Online published: 2023-03-17
针对云南云天化集团生产的湿法磷酸中金属阳离子含量较高的问题，研发了一种溶剂萃取法脱除金属阳离子净化湿法磷酸的新工艺，并完成了1 000 t/a（以五氧化二磷计）萃取法脱除湿法磷酸金属阳离子的中试实验。考察了萃取时间、萃取温度、搅拌转速和相比对萃取效果的影响，确定了较优工艺条件:反应时间为20 min、反应温度为60 ℃、搅拌转速为400 r/min、相比（萃取剂与磷酸的体积比）为3。中试实验结果表明，净化后的湿法磷酸MER（湿法磷酸中的杂质系数）值可从0.114降到0.06以下，三氧化二铁、氧化铝、氧化镁的脱除率可分别达到88.37%、48.93%、45.33%。经过洗涤五氧化二磷总收率可达到98.46%。净化1 t湿法磷酸（以五氧化二磷计）所消耗的物料成本为222.5元。中试实验结果证明，这种脱除湿法磷酸中金属阳离子的净化新工艺是可以进行工业化应用的。实验结果可为工业放大提供可靠的依据。
周清烈 , 王宝琦 , 张志业 , 张应虎 , 王坚 , 杨林 . 萃取法脱除湿法磷酸金属阳离子新工艺开发[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023 , 55(3) : 84 -91 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0262
In view of the high content of metal cations in wet process phosphoric acid produced by Yunnan YUNTIANHUA Group，a new process of removing metal cations and purifying wet process phosphoric acid by solvent extraction was developed，and the pilot experiment of removing metal cations from wet process phosphoric acid by 1 000 t/a（calculated by P2O5） extraction was completed.The effects of extraction time，temperature，stirring speed and phase ratio on the extraction efficiency were examined.The optimum process conditions were determined:reaction time was 20 min，extraction temperature was 60 ℃，stirring speed was 400 r/min，O/A was 3（O/A is the volume ratio of extractant to phosphoric acid）.Pilot test results showed that the MER of purified wet process phosphoric acid could be reduced from 0.114 to lower than 0.06，and the removal rates of Fe2O3，Al2O3 and MgO could reach 88.37%，48.93% and 45.33% respectively.After washing，the total yield of P2O5 could reach 98.46%.The material cost of purifying 1 t P2O5 wet process phosphoric acid was 222.5 RMB.The pilot test results showed that the new purification process of removing metal cations from wet process phosphoric acid could be applied in industry，and the experimental results could provide reliable basis for industrial scale-up.
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