铁锗合金负极的限域封装及锂离子存储性能
收稿日期: 2021-09-29
网络出版日期: 2022-04-18
基金资助
广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2020B0101030005)
Nanoconfined encapsulation of iron-germanium alloy anode and its lithium ion storage performance
Received date: 2021-09-29
Online published: 2022-04-18
锂离子电池商用负极石墨由于低的理论比容量（372 mA·h/g）无法满足日益增长的高能量密度需求。锗负极材料凭借更高的理论比容量（约为1 600 mA·h/g）被认为是一种很有前途的材料。但锗基负极材料在充放电过程中存在巨大的体积变化,使得其电化学性能差。因此,设计并制备了一种独特的锗基复合材料,该材料的合成首先采用溶剂热法制备有机-无机杂化Ge-Fe-Ox/EDA纳米线,接着进行多巴胺包覆,随后通过高温焙烧在内部原位生成FeGe/FeGe2合金相和表面形成碳包覆,从而制得了限域封装的Ge/FeGe/FeGe2@C纳米线铁锗合金负极。这种独特的结构有效提升锗负极材料的导电性和抑制体积变化,因此复合材料展现出优异的倍率性能（当电流密度为5 A/g时,放电比容量为450 mA·h/g）和良好的长循环稳定性（在电流密度为1 A/g条件下循环400圈后,放电比容量为547 mA·h/g）。
李方坤 , 王心怡 , 许希军 , 巫艺文 , 杨焱 , 刘军 . 铁锗合金负极的限域封装及锂离子存储性能[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022 , 54(4) : 88 -93 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2021-0591
Commercial graphite anodes for lithium-ion batteries can’t meet the increasing demand for high energy density due to their low theoretical specific capacity（372 mA·h/g ）.The Ge anode material is considered a promising material due to its higher theoretical specific capacity （about 1 600 mA·h/g）.Unfortunately,the Ge anode material has a huge volume change during the charge and discharge process,exhibiting poor electrochemical performance.Therefore,a unique Ge-based composite anode was rationally designed and prepared.First,the organic-inorganic hybrid Ge-Fe-Ox/EDA nanowires were prepared by solvothermal method and then coated with dopamine.Subsequently,FeGe/FeGe2 alloy phase was formed in situ and carbon coating was formed on the surface by high-temperature roasting,so as to prepare the encapsulated Ge/FeGe/FeGe2@C nanowire irongermanium alloy anode.The unique structure effectively improved the conductivity of the Ge-based anode material and suppressed the volume change,so it exhibited excellent rate performance（the discharge capacity was 450 mA·h/g at the current density of 5 A/g） and excellent long cycle stability（achieving a high discharge capacity of 547 mA·h/g at 1 A/g after 400 cycles）.
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