多效蒸发器结垢的问题常常发生,影响热效率和装置的正常运行。为明确导致蒸发器结垢的原因和成分,利用X射线衍射（XRD）、等离子发射光谱（ICP）、扫描电镜能谱（SEM-EDS）、偏光显微镜、拉曼光谱和离子色谱等分析测试技术,对浙江大洋生物科技集团股份有限公司的氯化铵多效蒸发器上的不明结垢物做了表征和分析。结果表明,该结垢物的主要成分为磷酸铁、氧化铝和有机物的混合物。探讨了发生上述结垢的原因,并提出相应的解决方案,减少了公司氯化铵蒸发器的结垢。

The fouling problem often occurs in multi-effect evaporators.These affect the thermal efficiency and normal operation of the device.In order to identify the formation causes and composition of fouling in the evaporator,a series of methods,including X-ray diffraction（XRD）,plasma emission spectroscopy（ICP）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM-EDS）,polarized light microscopy,Raman spectroscopy and ion chromatography were used to characterize and analyze the unknown fouling on the ammonium chloride multi-effect evaporator of Zhejiang Dayang Biotechnology Group Co.,Ltd..The results showed that the main component of the scale is a mixture of iron phosphate,alumina and organic matter.In addition,the cause and mechanism of the scale formation was discussed and the corresponding solutions for reducing the fouling in the evaporator was also proposed.