无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2026, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 21-26.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0045

• 研究与开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

三元体系Na2SO4+Rb2SO4(Cs2SO4)+H2O 323.2 K固液相平衡研究

俞章法1(), 曾英2,3(), 李学群1,2, 孙洪波1,2, 吴林鑫3, 陈瑜3, 于旭东2,3   

  1. 1.中信国安实业集团有限公司,北京 100020
    2.硫酸盐型盐湖资源综合利用青海省重点实验室,青海格尔木 816099
    3.成都理工大学材料与化学化工学院,四川 成都 610059
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-20 出版日期:2026-04-10 发布日期:2025-09-22
  • 通讯作者: 曾英,女,博士,教授;E-mail:zengyster@163.com
  • 作者简介:俞章法(1967— ),男,硕士,研究方向为盐湖资源综合利用研究和产业化;E-mail:yuzf@citic.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U1607121);中信集团十大科技创新项目(2023ZXKYA05100)

Study on solid-liquid phase equilibria of ternary systems of Na2SO4+Rb2SO4(Cs2SO4)+H2O at 323.2 K

YU Zhangfa1(), ZENG Ying2,3(), LI Xuequn1,2, SUN Hongbo1,2, WU Linxin3, CHEN Yu3, YU Xudong2,3   

  1. 1. CITIC Guoan Industrial Group Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100020,China
    2. Qinghai Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Sulfate-type Salt Lake Resources,Golmud 816099,China
    3. College of Materials and Chemistry & Chemical Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China
  • Received:2025-01-20 Published:2026-04-10 Online:2025-09-22

摘要:

为获取钠铷、钠铯共存硫酸盐体系中各盐的结晶规律,采用等温溶解平衡法开展Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O和Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O三元体系323.2 K相平衡实验研究,测定其平衡液相组成及密度,联用Schreinemaker湿渣法和X射线粉晶衍射法确定平衡固相的组成。结果表明,323.2 K下,二者皆为简单体系,对应的相图均由1个三元共饱点、2条单变量曲线和2个单盐结晶相区组成。对比三元体系Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O和Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O在298.2 K和323.2 K时的多温相图发现:随温度升高,三元体系Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O相图中Rb2SO4的结晶相区面积减小,硫酸钠结晶形式由Na2SO4·10H2O(298.2 K)转变为Na2SO4(323.2 K);三元体系Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O中,298.2 K时硫酸钠结晶形式为Na2SO4·10H2O和Na2SO4,323.2 K时仅存在Na2SO4结晶形式,Cs2SO4的结晶相区面积基本不变;Na2SO4在钠铯体系中的结晶区面积较钠铷体系大,表明Cs⁺对硫酸钠溶解的抑制作用更强。

关键词: 相平衡, 硫酸铷, 硫酸铯, 碱金属元素

Abstract:

In order to obtain the crystallization rules of various salts in the coexisting sulfate systems of sodium-rubidium and sodium-cesium,the phase equilibrium of the ternary systems of Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O and Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O were carried out by using the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method at 323.2 K.The liquid phase composition and densities at the equilibrium were measured,and the composition of the equilibrium solid phase was determined by using the Schreinemaker wet residue method and X-ray diffraction method.The results showed that both systems were simple type at 323.2 K,and it could be seen from the corresponding phase diagrams that they each contained one ternary eutectic point,two univariant curves,and two single-salt crystallization regions.By comparing the multi-temperature phase diagrams of the ternary systems of Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O and Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O at 298.2 K and 323.2 K,it was found that with the increase of temperature,the area of the crystallization phase region of Rb2SO4 in the phase diagram of the ternary system of Na2SO4+Rb2SO4+H2O was decreased,and the crystallization form of sodium sulfate was changed from Na2SO4·10H2O(298.2 K) to Na2SO4(323.2 K).The crystalline forms of sodium sulfate were Na2SO4·10H2O and Na2SO4 for the ternary system of Na2SO4+Cs2SO4+H2O at 298.2 K.Only the anhydrous Na2SO4 crystalline form existed at 323.2 K,and the area of the crystallization phase region of Cs2SO4 remained basically unchanged.The Na2SO4 crystallization zone in the cesium system was larger than that in the rubidium system,indicating stronger solubility inhibition by Cs+.

Key words: phase equilibria, rubidium sulphate, cesium sulphate, alkaline metal element

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