溶剂萃取法从低品位高黏土浸出液中提取锂的研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0713

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以磷酸三丁酯（TBP）为萃取剂、甲基异丁基酮（MIBK）为稀释剂、FeCl₃为共萃剂，采用溶剂萃取法开展从高黏土浸出液中分离提取锂的研究，考察了水相组成、负载有机相金属离子种类、负载有机相AlCl₃浓度、有机相TBP浓度、Fe与Li物质的量比、相比等因素对萃取性能的影响。结果表明，当水相组成确定为0.028 8 mol/L LiCl+0.036 5 mol/L FeCl₃+2 mol/L AlCl₃、负载有机相金属离子为Al³⁺、负载有机相中AlCl₃浓度为2 mol/L、TBP体积分数为50%、Fe与Li物质的量比为1.7、萃取相比（有机相与水相的体积比）为2:1时，萃取效果最佳。为了实现负载有机相的循环使用，3 mol/L HCl和1 mol/L Na₂CO₃分别被确定为反萃液和再生液。此外，采用三级逆流串级实验进行锂的串级萃取实验，经串级实验后，锂的萃取率达到了99.72%。以上研究结果表明TBP-MIBK-FeCl₃体系从低品位高黏土浸出液中分离提取锂资源是十分有效的。

关键词: 高黏土浸出液, 溶剂萃取法, 萃取锂, TBP-MIBK-FeCl₃萃取体系

Abstract:

Tributyl phosphate（TBP） was acted as extractant，Methyl isobutyl ketone （MIBK） was used as diluent，FeCl₃ played as co-extraction agent，and solvent extraction method was used to separate and extract lithium from high clay leaching solution.The effects of aqueous phase composition，the kinds of metal ion in loaded organic phase，AlCl₃ concentration in loaded organic phase，TBP concentration in organic phase，Fe/Li mass ratio，phase ratio and other factors on extraction performance were investigated.The experimental results showed that when the aqueous phase composition was determined as 0.028 8 mol/L LiCl+0.036 5 mol/L FeCl₃+2 mol/L AlCl₃，the metal ion in loaded organic phase was Al³⁺，the concentration of AlCl₃ in the loaded organic phase was 2 mol/L，the concentration of TBP was 50%，the molar ratio of Fe/Li was 1.7 and the phase ratio of（Volume ratio of organic phase to aqueous phase）2:1 the extraction effect was optimal.In order to realize the recycling of the loaded organic phase，3 mol/L HCl and 1 mol/L Na₂CO₃ were identified as the stripping and regeneration solution，respectively.In addition，in order to realize the efficient extraction of lithium resources，the three-stage counter-current cascade experiment was used to carry out the lithium cascade extraction experiment.After the cascade experiment，the extraction rate of lithium reached 99.72%.The experimental results indicated that TBP-MIBK-FeCl₃ extraction system could effectively separate and extract lithium from low grade and high clay leaching solution.

Key words: high clay leaching solution, solvent extraction, lithium extraction, TBP-MIBK-FeCl₃ extraction system

中图分类号:

TQ131.11

李慧芳, 王晓, 白有鹏, 张世翔. 溶剂萃取法从低品位高黏土浸出液中提取锂的研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023, 55(10): 63-69.

LI Huifang, WANG Xiao, BAI Youpeng, ZHANG Shixiang. Study on extraction of lithium from low grade high clay leaching solution by solvent extraction[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(10): 63-69.

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有机相	水相	锂萃取率/%
负载Mg有机相	0.028 8 mol/L LiCl+0.036 5 mol/L FeCl₃	0.00
负载Mg有机相	0.028 8 mol/L LiCl+2 mol/L AlCl₃	38.54
负载Mg有机相	0.028 8 mol/L LiCl+0.036 5 mol/L FeCl₃+2 mol/L AlCl₃	82.66

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