硫酸直接浸出磷石膏中稀土元素的研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2023-0149

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to comprehend the leaching rule of phosphogypsum（PG） with low rare earth element（REE） content and the improvement of phosphogypsum quality after leaching，the process kinetics of direct leaching of REE from PG with sulfuric acid and the changes of PG phase were studied.The results showed that the leaching rate of REE was initially decreased and then increased with the elevating of leaching temperature，enhanced along with liquid-solid ratio，and firstly increased and then decreased with the rising of acid concentration.The total leaching rate could be achieved up to 25% at 25 ℃，with the leaching rate of La as the highest and that of Pr as the lowest.The REE leaching rate was increased rapidly in 0~20 min and then leveled off.The kinetics of the whole leaching process was controlled by ash layer diffusion.The surface of gypsum was dissolved during the leaching，and then recrystallized into acicular CaSO₄ particles of dehydrated phase after the solution was saturated.However，the overall morphology of gypsum bulk phase changed little，resulting in a low REE leaching rate.Moreover，the fraction of the PG with a particle size less than 10 μm was 14.90%，increased by 5.16% compared with the original sample.The particle size of PG after acid leaching was smaller and the impurities were reduced.The results could provide reference for comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum.

Key words: phosphogypsum, rare earth elements, sulfuric acid leaching, gypsum phase

CLC Number:

TQ177.39

XIA Guiying, YANG Liuchun, YUAN Zhiye. Study on direct leaching of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum with sulfuric acid[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2024, 56(1): 107-113.

Figures/Tables 11

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元素	轻/重稀土	含量/ （mg∙kg^-1）	元素	轻/重稀土	含量/ （mg∙kg^-1）
Y	重	20.88	Dy	重	2.85
Ce	轻	14.93	Er	重	2.81
Pr	轻	12.72	Sm	轻	2.78
Nd	轻	11.82	Tb	重	0.96
La	轻	9.70	Eu	轻	0.43
Gd	轻	4.53

项目	1-（1-a）^1/3=K₁t		1-2/3a-（1-a）^2/3=K₂t
项目	R²	K₁/min^-1	R²	K₂/min^-1
一段
0~180 min	0.526 6	6.58×10^-4	0.635 0	4.93×10^-5
两段
0~<3 min	0.843 4	2.3×10^-2	0.880 4	1.29×10^-3
3~180 min	0.839 6	6.4×10^-2	0.858 5	3.86×10^-3
0~<5 min	0.821 4	1.5×10^-2	0.862 9	8.98×10^-4
5~180 min	0.846 6	1.16×10^-4	0.860 9	1.59×10^-5
0~<10 min	0.731 7	8.87×10^-4	0.785 8	3.06×10^-4
10~180 min	0.837 9	1.06×10^-4	0.849 5	9.26×10^-6
0~<20 min	0.636 9	4.77×10^-3	0.696 5	2.99×10^-4
20~180 min	0.795 5	9.89×10^-5	0.809 8	1.38×10^-5

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Study on direct leaching of rare earth elements from phosphogypsum with sulfuric acid

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