放射性废盐的真空蒸馏净化技术研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0573

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to reduce the amount of radioactive waste salt generated in the process of molten salt electrolysis of plutonium and relieve the stress in the subsequent process of treatment and disposal of radioactive waste，the vacuum distillation technology was studied by using NaCl-KCl-CeO₂mixed molten salt as simulative material.The effects of CeO₂ concentration，temperature and pressure on the experiment results were investigated.The results showed that in the range of CeO₂ mass fraction of 5%~15%，temperature of 825~925 ℃ and pressure of 0.1~66 Pa，the purification coefficient of Ce could reach above 10³，the purity of distillate salt and residual CeO₂ was equal to that before the mixed melting，and the recovery of molten salt and CeO₂ was stable above 98%.After distillation，the distribution ratio of NaCl-KCl molten salt remained unchanged and could be reused in molten salt electrolysis.The good performance of vacuum distillation purification technology in simulated material experiments provided an alternative route for subsequent radioactive waste salt treatment.

Key words: plutonium, radioactive waste salts, molten salt electrolysis, vacuum distillation

CLC Number:

TQ110.9

LI Xun, JIA Yanhong, DOU Qiang, YANG Yang. Study on vacuum distillation purification technology for radioactive waste salt[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2023, 55(7): 97-102.

Figures/Tables 11

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References 18

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序号	m（NaCl）/g	m（KCl）/g	m（CeO₂）/g	配比
1	83.49	106.51	10.00	NaCl-KCl-5%CeO₂
2	79.10	100.90	20.00	NaCl-KCl-10%CeO₂
3	74.70	95.30	30.00	NaCl-KCl-15%CeO₂

序号	混合熔盐配比	蒸发温度/℃
1	NaCl-KCl-5%CeO₂	825
2		875
3		925
4	NaCl-KCl-10%CeO₂	825
5		875
6		925
7	NaCl-KCl-15%CeO₂	825
8		875
9		925

实验序号	混合熔盐配比	上部温度/℃	下部温度/℃	残余物杂质元素含量/（μg·g^-1）		馏分盐杂质元素含量/（μg·g^-1）	馏分盐Na和K 物质的量比	Ce净化系数
实验序号	混合熔盐配比	上部温度/℃	下部温度/℃	Na	K	Ce	馏分盐Na和K 物质的量比	Ce净化系数
1	NaCl-KCl-5%CeO₂	825	550	236	88	＜10	1.1	＞4.1×10³
2		875	600	233	116		1.0
3		925	600	260	125		1.0
4	NaCl-KCl-10%CeO₂	825	650	257	109		1.0	＞8.1×10³
5		875	650	243	97		1.1
6		925	600	253	117		1.0
7	NaCl-KCl-15%CeO₂	825	650	245	88		1.1	＞12.2×10³
8		875	650	240	90		1.0
9		925	650	218	85		1.1
原料CeO方正汇总行₂		—	—	217	59		—

实验序号	混合熔盐配比	蒸发温度/℃	盐收率/ %	CeO₂ 收率/%
1	NaCl-KCl-5%CeO₂	825	98.3	100
2		875	98.5	100
3		925	98.5	100
4	NaCl-KCl-10%CeO₂	825	98.0	100
5		875	99.2	99.5
6		925	98.7	99.5
7	NaCl-KCl-15%CeO₂	825	98.8	99.7
8		875	99.2	99.7
9		925	99.2	99.7

实验序号	混合熔盐配比	压力/ Pa	盐收率/ %	CeO₂收率/ %	残余物杂质元素含量/（μg·g^-1）		馏分盐杂质元素含量/（μg·g^-1）	馏分盐Na和K物质的量比
实验序号	混合熔盐配比	压力/ Pa	盐收率/ %	CeO₂收率/ %	Na	K	Ce	馏分盐Na和K物质的量比
1	NaCl-KCl-5%CeO₂	0.1	98.3	100	236	88	＜10	1.1
2		33	98.8	100	257	99		1.1
3		66	97.8	99.0	260	106		1.0
4	NaCl-KCl-10%CeO₂	0.1	98.0	100	257	109		1.0
5		33	99.4	99.5	249	90		1.0
6		66	100.0	100	254	78		1.1
7	NaCl-KCl-15%CeO₂	0.1	98.8	99.7	245	88		1.1
8		33	99.2	100	229	82		1.1
9		66	99.3	99.7	231	87		1.0
	原料CeO₂	—	—	—	217	59	—	—

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Study on vacuum distillation purification technology for radioactive waste salt

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