高纯聚氯化铝的制备及研究进展

doi:10.11962/1006-4990.2019-0097

Abstract

Abstract:

In recent years,with the rapid development of modern water treatment technology,high purity polyaluminium chloride as an excellent inorganic coagulant has attracted wide attention.In the conventional polyaluminum chloride production process,the content of iron and other heavy metal ions in the product is high.Therefore,the control of the impurity content is particularly important for the production of high purity polyaluminum chloride.The research progress,advantages and disadvantages of five main methods for preparation of high purity polyaluminum chloride（direct synthesis,purification,electrolysis,gelation and pyrolysis activation） were summarized.The problems existing in the preparation process of high purity polyaluminum chloride were pointed out.Finally,the development trend of high purity polyaluminum chloride was prospected.

Key words: high purity polyaluminium chloride, purification, polyaluminium chloride, coagulant

CLC Number:

TQ133.1

Li Wenqing,Zou Ping. Progress in preparation and research of high purity polyaluminium chloride[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(1): 30-34.

Figures/Tables 7

References 29

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项目		外观	密度/ （g.cm^-3）	w（Al₂O₃）/ %	盐基度/ %	ρ（Pb）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（As）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（Fe）/ （mg·L^-1）	w（CaCl₂）/ %	w（不溶物）/%
液体产品	NHPAC-2010A	无色透明液体	1.35~1.40	20~25	60~75	≤3	≤1.0	≤40	<0.1	<0.1
	NHPAC-2010B	无色透明液体	1.38~1.43	18~20	45~65	≤3	≤1.0	≤40	<0.1	<0.1
	美国企业标准	无色至浅黄色透明液	1.335~1.345	23~24	80~90	≤5	≤1.0	≤50	<0.1	<0.1
	日本JIS K1475： 2006标准	无色至浅褐色透明液	>1.19	10~11	45~65	≤5	≤1.0	≤100	—	—
	GB 15892—2009	无色至黄褐色液	>1.12	≥10	40~90	≤10	≤2.0	—	—	≤0.2
固体产品	GB 15892—2009	白色至黄褐色粉末	—	≥29	40~90	≤29	≤5.8	—	—	≤0.6
固体产品	NHPAC-2010A	白色至浅黄色粉末	—	≥45	65~90	≤10	≤2.0	≤60	<0.1	<0.1

样品	原料	指标
样品	原料	ρ（Mn）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（Cr）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（Cu）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（As）/ （mg·L^-1）	ρ（Pb）/ （mg·L^-1）
样品1	河南铝矾土1	1.3	4.3	0.9	1.9	2.1
样品2	河南铝矾土2	1.9	4.9	1.0	1.8	2.1
样品3	山东铝矾土	1.7	3.7	1.2	0.54	1.9
传统方法制备的聚氯化铝	铝矾土和铝酸钙	42.9	6.6	6.8	4.9	7.9
GB 15892— 2009	—	—	≤5.0	—	≤2.0	≤10.0

方法	原料	优点	缺点
直接合成法	铝粉、氢氧化铝、结晶氯化铝	原材料成分可控,产品纯度高	成本较高、盐基度低
净化法	含铝矿物、铝酸钙	成本较低	操作复杂,工艺流程长
电解法	金属铝板、结晶氯化铝	操作简单易于自控,无二次污染	能耗较高
凝胶法	含铝矿物、氢氧化钠/碳酸钠、盐酸	产品纯度较高	原材料消耗大,生产成本高
热解活化法	结晶氯化铝	产品纯度高、工艺操作简单	设备材质要求高,易腐蚀
膜法	氯化铝溶液、碱	原料成分可控,纯度高	膜的稳定性较差
两级除铁法	低品位铝矿、工业盐酸	工艺简单,产品铁含量可达“无铁级”	需增加其他重金属杂质去除工艺

National Inorganic Salts Information Center

Inorganic Acid-Base-Salt Committee of CIESC

Progress in preparation and research of high purity polyaluminium chloride

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