：In view of the environmental pollution problems caused by the large storage capacity and difficult disposal of alu-minum ash in recycled aluminum industry,the composition and pollution characteristics of aluminum ash were studied by co-llecting aluminum ash samples from 6 large recycled aluminum enterprises in China and testing and analyzing the phase qualitative and quantitative,water reactivity,etc.,and suggestions were put forward for the prevention and control of environ-mental risk of aluminum ash storage.The results showed that the contents of various substances in the aluminum ash of recy-cled aluminum enterprises from high to low were alumina,aluminum nitride,silicon dioxide,aluminum,magnesium oxide,iron oxide,calcium oxide,aluminum fluoride and trace copper,zinc and other heavy metal compounds,mainly aluminum and its compounds,with a total mass fraction of 74.8%~80.4%.All aluminum ash slag samples could react with water to release ammonia gas,and the ammonia gas specific release rate was 43.1~68.8 mg/kg;All samples could react with water to release hydrogen,and the hydrogen release rate was 0.5~1.5 L/（kg·h）.Therefore,the storage process of aluminum slag should avoid contact with water,and pay attention to the generation and diffusion of ammonia and hydrogen,as well as possible accident risks.The research results could provide a theoretical reference for the environmental management of aluminum ash slag in the secondary aluminum industry and the prevention and control of storage environmental risks.