The change trend of graphite resources reserves,production,consumption and import and export trade at home and abroad was systematically summarized by collecting and organizing the exploration and research results of global graphite resources.Research showed that nearly 99.91% of the graphite resources in the world were highly distributed in nine countries,including Turkey,China,Brazil,Madagascar,Mozambique,Tanzania,India,Uzbekistan and Mexico,which were located in six continents except Antarctica.China′s graphite production account was about 59.09% of the global graphite production in 2020,and its graphite consumption,imports and exports account was about 60%,24.28% and 52.73% of the global market share in 2019,respectively,all ranking first in the world.Compared with the advanced countries in the world,China had less high-quality and high-grade graphite and less ability to obtain higher value-added graphite products.With the rapid development of China′s new generation of information technology,new energy,new materials and other strategic emerging industries,the consumption demand for high-quality graphite resources would greatly increase.Therefore,it is imperative to increase the exploration of high-quality graphite minerals,strengthen the optimization and upgrading of graphite industrial structure,improve the strategic reserve mechanism of graphite resources,promote the neck key technology research,and realize the green,coordinated and sustainable development of the national graphite industry chain.