TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis method using butyl titanate with cheap price as the titanium source and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide（CTAB） with different adding amounts as the template.The structure and photoluminescence properties of the materials were analyzed and tested by N2 adsorption/desorption，scanning electron microscope（SEM），X-ray diffraction（XRD） and fluorescence spectrometer（PL）.The results showed that the TiO2 nanomate rials had anatase structure.The smaller size nanoparticles accumulated to form mesoporous structure.The samples had special photoluminescence properties.Due to the different particle sizes and different pore sizes of the nanoparticles，a large differ ence in the intensity of the photoluminescence characteristics was caused，and the position of the emission peaks was signifi cantly redshifted.