Abstract: Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nano-sized powder was synthesized by a homogeneous precipitation and carbon absorption method.The influence of addition of carbon on the specific surface area of Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> nano-sized powder was discussed.The optimum content of carbon was obtained.The phase,particle size,dispersibility and specific surface area as well as the thermal decomposition characteristics of precursor of the Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> powder obtained under different temperatures were characterized by XRD,TEM,BET,and TG,respectively.The results showed that nano-sized Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> powder calcined at 700 ℃ had a good dispersion behavior and a surface area of 101.2 m<SUP>2</SUP>/g.The average particle size was 8 nm.The particle size was enhanced gradually with the increasement of calcination temperature.<BR>