电解锰渣基复合材料制备及对Cd2+的去除研究
收稿日期: 2025-03-08
网络出版日期: 2025-08-01
基金资助
湖北三峡实验室开放/创新基金项目(SC240016)
Study on preparation of electrolytic manganese slag-based composites and their Cd2+ removal
Received date: 2025-03-08
Online published: 2025-08-01
针对电解锰渣（EMR）资源化利用与含镉废水治理需求，通过酸浸-共沉淀法制备Ca-Fe-Mn复合材料（CFM），系统探究其对Cd2+的去除效能与机理。实验考察CFM投加量（0.2~1.5 g/L）、溶液初始pH（2.0~7.0）及反应温度（303~323 K）的影响规律，结合吸附动力学、等温模型拟合及X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）等表征阐明Cd2+去除机制。结果表明：当CFM投加量为1.0 g/L时，出水Cd2+质量浓度降至0.1 mg/L以下，满足GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》的限值；在pH为3.0~7.0时，323 K时最大理论吸附量达129.96 mg/g，Cd2+去除率均>99%；吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型（R2>0.99）与Langmuir模型（R2>0.98），表明CFM去除Cd2+的过程为单层吸附且以化学吸附为主，整个吸附过程速率主要由表面扩散控制。表征结果证明Cd2+去除机制为表面沉淀、静电吸引、层间插层及类质同象取代协同作用。CFM复合材料兼具高效吸附性、宽pH适应性与稳定性，且制备工艺简便、成本低廉，为EMR资源化与重金属污染治理提供新途径。
关键词： 电解锰渣; 脱除Cd2+; 酸浸-共沉淀; Ca-Fe-Mn复合材料
韩庆文 , 袁佳欣 , 占伟 , 黄萍 , 南方铭 , 陈东辉 , 谭杰 . 电解锰渣基复合材料制备及对Cd2+的去除研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2026 , 58(3) : 85 -95 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2025-0113
In this study，Ca-Fe-Mn composite materials（CFM） were prepared by acid leaching-co-precipitation method for the resource utilisation of electrolytic manganese residue（EMR） and the treatment of cadmium-containing wastewater to systematically investigate the removal efficacy and mechanism of Cd2+.The effects of CFM dosage（0.2~1.5 g/L），initial pH（2.0~7.0） and reaction temperature（303~323 K） were investigated to elucidate the Cd2+ removal mechanism by combining with the adsorption kinetics，isothermal model fitting，and characterisation by X-ray diffractometer（XRD） and scanning electron microscope（SEM）.The results showed that the Cd2+ concentration in the effluent was reduced to below 0.1 mg/L when the dosage of CFM was 1.0 g/L，which met the limit value of “Comprehensive Wastewater Discharge Standard”（GB 8978—1996）.The maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 129.96 mg/g was achieved at 323 K in a wide range of pH 3.0~7.0，and the Cd2+ removal rate was >99%.The adsorption process was conformed to the quasi-secondary kinetic model（R2>0.99） and Langmuir model （R2>0.98），which indicated that the removal of Cd2+ by CFM was a monolayer adsorption with chemisorption as the main method，and the rate of the whole adsorption process was mainly controlled by surface diffusion.The characterisation results demonstrated that the Cd2+ removal mechanism was a synergistic effect of surface precipitation，electrostatic attraction，interlayer intercalation and homogeneous substitution.The material combined high adsorption efficiency，wide pH adaptability and stability，and the process was simple and low cost，which provided a new way for EMR resourcefulness and heavy metal pollution control.
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