为提高分子筛的吸附性能及可回收性，利用适合X型分子筛硅铝比的煤矸石，采用水热合成法制备出相应结构的磁性分子筛，并将其用于含有重金属的污水处理中。结果表明，磁性X型分子筛最佳的制备条件为：n（H₂C₂O₄）/n（Fe³⁺）为5、晶化时间为10 h、晶化温度为85 ℃、n（柠檬酸）/n（Al₂O₃）为0.85，超声波促进分子筛与柠檬酸的络合作用，二者协同具有更好的作用。通过XRD、SEM、FT-IR、XPS和二氧化碳吸附量等对合成分子筛进行表征分析。考查分子筛中铁含量、吸附时间、pH、初始浓度和分子筛加入量等参数对于铅离子吸附的影响。当分子筛含铁量为0.33%（质量分数）、吸附时间为14 min、溶液pH为5、铅离子质量浓度为50 mg/L和分子筛用量为0.2 g时，磁性X型分子筛表现出对铅离子的最佳吸附效果。同时，磁性分子筛在外加磁场循环使用8次后磁回收率仍高于90%，实现节约资源和低碳环保的目的。

In order to improve the adsorption performance and recyclability of molecular sieves，a magnetic molecular sieve with the corresponding structure was prepared by hydrothermal synthesis using coal gangue with a silicon⁃aluminum ratio suitable for X zeolite，and it was used in the treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals.The results showed that the optimal preparation conditions for magnetic X zeolite were：n（H₂C₂O₄）/n（Fe³⁺） was 5，crystallization time was 10 h，and crystallization temperature was 85 ℃，n（citric acid）/n（Al₂O₃） was 0.85，and ultrasound promoted the complexation of molecular sieves and citric acid，which had a better synergistic effect.The synthesized molecular sieves were characterized and analyzed by XRD，SEM，FT-IR，XPS and carbon dioxide adsorption.The effect of parameters such as iron content，adsorption time，pH，initial concentration and amount of molecular sieve added on the adsorption of lead ions were considered.When the iron content of the molecular sieve was 0.33%，the adsorption time was 14 min，the solution pH was 5，the lead ion concentration was 50 mg/L and the molecular sieve dosage was 0.2 g，magnetic X zeolite showed the best adsorption effect on lead ions.Moreover，the magnetic recovery rate of magnetic molecular sieve still reached more than 90% after being recycled 8 times in an external magnetic field，achieving the goal of saving resources，low carbon and environmental protection.