镍掺杂构建结构稳定和高吸附容量铝系吸附剂的研究
收稿日期: 2024-09-29
网络出版日期: 2025-01-15
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(U20A20337);青海省自然科学基金项目(2021-ZJ-903)
Study on nickel doping to construct structurally stable and high adsorption capacity aluminum-based adsorbents
Received date: 2024-09-29
Online published: 2025-01-15
在各种提锂策略中，锂铝层状双氢氧化物（Li/Al-LDHs，以下简称LDHs）被认为是最有希望从盐湖卤水中高效提锂的吸附剂之一。但由于LDHs在脱附过程中容易出现过度脱附Li⁺的现象，导致结构坍塌、失活，实际吸附容量大大低于理论值，因此LDHs的应用受到了阻碍。针对这些局限性，提出了一种策略，即通过Ni（NO3）2掺杂改性的一锅合成法来提高LDHs的稳定性、选择性和吸附容量。通过用Ni部分取代LDHs框架中的Al位点，提高了对Li+的亲和力，同时降低了对竞争金属离子的亲和力。此外，还研究了不同陈化时间对Ni-LDHs-NO3性能的影响。结果表明，陈化时间为10 min合成的Ni-LDHs-NO3在300 mg/L氯化锂溶液中的吸附容量为9.18 mg/g，大大超过了传统的LDHs（4.51 mg/g）。吸附率大幅提高，在100 min内达到平衡。Li+/Na+、Li+/Mg2+和Li+/K+的分离因子分别为339.59、566.15和108.52，这表明掺杂镍有效地改变了材料的离子亲和性，并增强了其吸附动力学。此外，该吸附剂在经过10次吸附-脱附循环后，仍能保持初始容量的89.27%，显示出显著的循环稳定性。这些发现强调了Ni-LDHs-NO3作为高性能吸附剂从卤水中提取Li⁺的潜力。
李学群 , 霍俊杰 , 罗文天 , 何汪海 , 孙洪波 , 于旭东 , 海春喜 , 周园 , 曾英 . 镍掺杂构建结构稳定和高吸附容量铝系吸附剂的研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025 , 57(10) : 32 -40 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0516
Among various strategies，lithium-aluminum layered double hydroxides（Li/Al-LDHs，hereinafter referred to as LDHs） are regarded as one of the most promising adsorbents for efficient lithium extraction from salt lake brines.However，the application of LDHs is hindered by their susceptibility to excessive Li⁺ desorption during the desorption process，which leads to structural collapse，inactivation，and an actual adsorption capacity that is significantly lower than the theoretical value.To address these limitations，a strategy was proposed to enhance the stability，selectivity，and adsorption capacity of LDHs through a one-pot synthesis method incorporating Ni（NO3）2 doping modification.By partially replacing Al sites in the LDHs framework with Ni，the affinity for Li⁺ was improved while reducing the affinity for competing metal ions.The effect of varying aging times on the performance of Ni-LDHs-NO3 was also investigated.The results revealed that Ni-LDHs-NO3 synthesized with an aging time of 10 min achieved an adsorption capacity of 9.18 mg/g in a 300 mg/L LiCl solution，significantly surpassing traditional LDHs（4.51 mg/g）.The adsorption rate was substantially improved，reaching equilibrium within 100 min.Notably，the separation factors for Li+/Na+，Li+/Mg2+，and Li+/K+ were 339.59，566.15，and 108.52，respectively，highlighting that Ni doping effectively modified the material′s ion affinity and enhanced its adsorption kinetics.Moreover，the adsorbent retained 89.27% of its initial capacity after 10 adsorption-desorption cycles，demonstrating remarkable cyclic stability.These findings underscored the potential of Ni-LDHs-NO3 as a high-performance adsorbent for Li⁺ extraction from brines.
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