工业废料磷石膏结晶特征与矿物浮选性能研究
收稿日期: 2024-05-06
网络出版日期: 2025-03-21
Study on crystallization characteristics and mineral flotation performance of industrial waste phosphogypsum
Received date: 2024-05-06
Online published: 2025-03-21
对四川某企业固废磷石膏通过金相显微镜、电子扫描显微镜、反浮选法和Materials Studio软件进行结晶特征、矿物浮选性能及吸附行为研究，为后续磷石膏的除杂与增白，提供理论支撑。磷石膏在显微镜下为淡黄色透明晶体，晶体形状为板状、柱状或菱状。利用电子扫描显微镜（SEM）分析杂质嵌布特征，发现二氧化硅、难溶氟、难溶磷等杂质组分主要分布于磷石膏晶体表面。用煤油、油酸钠和十二胺作为浮选药剂对CaSO4·2H2O、CaHPO4·2H2O、SiO2、CaF2 4种矿物进行浮选，选择出最佳浮选药剂十二胺。在pH为7、十二胺用量为200 g/t的最佳条件下，进行模拟磷石膏原矿浮选，回收率达到83.50%。用Materials Studio软件及CASTEP模块计算磷石膏表面吸附能，得到二水硫酸钙的吸附能为-9 511.19 eV；二水磷酸氢钙的吸附能为-7 294.05 eV；氟化钙的吸附能为-3 935.56 eV；二氧化硅的吸附能为-2 827.94 eV。
冷曼希 , 朱钰 , 严继康 , 谢轲 , 邹永洁 . 工业废料磷石膏结晶特征与矿物浮选性能研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025 , 57(3) : 108 -115 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0248
In this paper，the crystallization characteristics，mineral flotation performance and adsorption behavior of a solid waste phosphogypsum of a Sichuan enterprise were studied by means of metallographic microscope，SEM，reverse flotation method and Materials Studio software，so as to provide theoretical support for the subsequent impurity removal and whitening of phosphogypsum.Phosphogypsum was light yellow and transparent crystal under microscope，crystal shape was plate，columnar or rhomboid.By means of electron scanning microscope，it was found that silica，insoluble fluorine and insoluble phosphorus were mainly distributed on the surface of phosphogypsum crystal.Four minerals，CaSO4·2H2O，CaHPO4·2H2O，SiO2 and CaF2，were flotation by using kerosene，sodium oleate and dodecylamine as flotation agents，and the best flotation agent-dodecylamine was selected.At optimum pH value of 7 and optimum dosage of dodecylamine of 200 g/t，the recovery rate of phosphogypsum was 83.50%.The surface adsorption energy of phosphogypsum was calculated by using CASTEP module and Materials Studio，and the adsorption energy of calcium sulfate dihydrate was-9 511.19 eV.The adsorption energy of calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate was-7 294.05 eV.The adsorption energy of calcium fluoride was-3 935.56 eV.The adsorption energy of silica was-2 827.94 eV.
Key words： phosphogypsum; flotation agent; dodecylamine
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