Na2CO3强化食品添加剂废水水热湿法还原解毒铬渣的研究
收稿日期: 2024-03-18
网络出版日期: 2025-01-24
基金资助
国家自然科学基金项目(52270173);中南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CZY23031)
Research on Na2CO3 enhanced food additive wastewater hydrothermal wet reduction and detoxification of chromite ore processing residue
Received date: 2024-03-18
Online published: 2025-01-24
铬渣是生产金属铬和铬盐过程中产生的工业废渣，含有大量高毒性的Cr（Ⅵ），若进入环境将对人类和生态系统造成极大危害。利用Na2CO3作为置换液强化食品添加剂生产废水中的还原性物质水热湿法还原解毒无钙焙烧铬渣。探讨了食品添加剂生产废水用量、反应温度等条件对铬渣解毒效果的影响。研究结果表明：当食品添加剂生产废水与铬渣质量比为6∶100（废水为0.24 g，铬渣为4.0 g）、温度为120 ℃、Na2CO3浓度为0.6 mol/L，反应时间为3 h，得到的滤液中Cr（Ⅵ）质量浓度为0.24 mg/L，低于GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》的限值（0.5 mg/L）。同时解毒铬渣中Cr（Ⅵ）的浸出质量浓度为0.13 mg/L，小于HJ/T 301—2007《铬渣污染治理环境保护技术规范》规定中铬渣用作路基材料和混凝土骨料Cr（Ⅵ）的污染控制限值（0.5 mg/L），可以作为混凝土骨料综合利用。解毒机理表明是CO32-置换了铬渣中的Cr（Ⅵ），加速Cr（Ⅵ）从固相到液相的传质，随后食品添加剂生产废水中的葡萄糖等还原性物质将置换至溶液中的Cr（Ⅵ）还原成Cr（Ⅲ），达到解毒铬渣目的。
文惠子 , 习路遥 , 何淑玉 , 谭善宜 , 张沥文 , 陈绍华 , 杜亚光 . Na2CO3强化食品添加剂废水水热湿法还原解毒铬渣的研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025 , 57(1) : 83 -89 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0154
Chromite ore processing residue（COPR） is an industrial waste generated during the production of chromium and chromium salts，which contains a large amount of highly toxic Cr（Ⅵ）.If COPR enters the environment，it will cause great harm to human beings and ecosystems.Na2CO3 as replacement solution enhanced the reducing substances in food additive wastewater hydrothermal wet reduction and detoxification of calcium-free roasted COPR was proposed in this paper.The process parameters such as food additive production wastewater dosage，reaction temperature and other conditions on the detoxification of COPR were investigated.The results showed that when the mass ratio of food additive production wastewater to COPR was 6∶100 （0.24 g for wastewater，4.0 g for COPR），temperature was 120 ℃，Na2CO3 concentration was 0.6 mol/L and reaction time was 3 h，Cr（Ⅵ） concentration in filtrate was 0.24 mg/L，which was lower than the limit value of 0.5 mg/L in “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard”（GB 8978—1996）.And leaching concentration of Cr（Ⅵ） in detoxified COPR was 0.13 mg/L，which was lower than the pollution control limit of 0.5 mg/L in “Environmental protection technical specifications for pollution treatment of the Chromium residue”（HJ/T 301—2007） for COPR used as road base material and concrete aggregate，so it could be comprehensively utilized as concrete aggregate.The detoxification mechanism indicated that CO32- replaced Cr（Ⅵ） in COPR，accelerating the mass transfer of Cr（Ⅵ） from solid to liquid phase，and then the reducing substances such as glucose in food additive production wastewater reduced Cr（Ⅵ） in the solution to Cr（Ⅲ），achieving the goal of detoxifying COPR.
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