复合生态板是一种新型环保材料，广泛应用于整体橱柜、室内装修、室内地板等领域。为了制备综合性能更优、环保价值更高的新型板材，以硫氧镁生态板为研究对象，通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）、表观密度测试、抗压强度测试等表征手段，探究了农林业废弃物的种类及其掺量对生态板结构和性能的影响。研究结果表明：小麦秸秆、砂光粉、木屑的掺入对硫氧镁生态板的物相结构均无显著影响，各样品的主结晶相均为MgO、MgCO₃、Mg（OH）₂、5Mg（OH）₂·MgSO₄·7H₂O，且峰强差异不明显；与砂光粉和小麦秸秆相比，掺入木屑的硫氧镁试块性能最佳，当木屑掺量（木屑与氧化镁的质量比，下同）为0.3时，硫氧镁生态板养护28 d后具有最大的表观密度（1 100 kg/m³）和较高的抗压强度（16.6 MPa）；小麦秸秆的掺入能有效降低生态板的表观密度；当其掺量为0.8时，表观密度降至402 kg/m³，且28 d抗压强度仍保持在3.7 MPa。这一结论为轻质硫氧镁生态板材料的研究提供了依据，对环保化菱镁建材的开发具有启示意义。

Composite ecological board is a new type of environmental⁃friendly material，which is widely used in the fields of integrated kitchen cabinets，indoor decoration，and indoor flooring.To fabricate an innovative board with enhanced comprehensive performance and higher environmental value，the magnesium oxysulfide ecological board was investigated.By utilizing characterization techniques such as scanning electron microscopy（SEM），X-ray diffraction（XRD），apparent density testing，compressive strength testing，etc.，the impact of agricultural and forestry waste types and addition amounts on the structure and properties of the ecological board was explored.The results showed that the addition of wheat straw，sanding powder，and wood chips had no effect on the crystal structure of the magnesium oxysulfide⁃cement ecological board，and the main crystalline phase of all samples was MgO，MgCO₃，Mg（OH）₂，5Mg（OH）₂·MgSO₄·7H₂O，with peak intensity differences not obvious.Compared with sanding powder and wheat straw，the magnesium oxysulfide blocks with wood chips performed best.When the wood chips content was 0.3，the magnesium oxysulfide cement ecological board had the highest apparent density of 1 100 kg/m³ and the highest compressive strength of 16.6 MPa after curing for 28 days.The addition of wheat straw could effectively reduce the apparent density of the ecological board.When the content was 0.8，the apparent density was reduced to 402 kg/m³，and the compressive strength was maintained at 3.7 MPa after 28 days.This conclusion provided important basis for the research of lightweight magnesium oxysulfide cement ecological board materials，and had certain enlightening significance for the development of environmental⁃friendly magnesium cement building materials.