青海盐湖纳滤膜性能劣化原因分析
收稿日期: 2024-07-11
网络出版日期: 2024-09-11
基金资助
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3801104);浙江省海水淡化技术研究重点实验室项目(2012E10001)
Degradation analysis of nanofiltration membrane performance for Qinghai Salt Lake
Received date: 2024-07-11
Online published: 2024-09-11
为探究盐湖提锂纳滤膜分离性能的劣化原因，对退役的青海一里坪盐湖提锂用纳滤膜进行了剖析，采用SEM、FT-IR、ICP、XRD、XPS等表征方法分析了膜表面的污染形貌及其化学组成。结果表明，一、二段退役膜表面均以有机污染和微生物污染为主，有机污染占比分别为77%和69%；从一段到二段，有机污染程度减弱，无机污染程度增强；有机污染成分以脂类、蛋白质、核酸和多糖为主，其来源为微生物分泌的胞外聚合物及微生物代谢产物；无机污染成分主要包含Mg、Ca、Al、Fe、Si、K、Na等，主要由盐湖沉积物中的伊利石、绿泥石、石英石、钠长石等黏土矿物在膜面沉积而成；此外，退役纳滤膜服役期间曾遭受氯氧化。上述污染物在膜面的累积及氯化是导致纳滤膜分离性能劣化并退役的主要原因。该研究对膜法盐湖提锂的工艺优化及污染控制具有参考价值。
张生鹏 , 黄旻旻 , 唐发满 , 刘卫平 . 青海盐湖纳滤膜性能劣化原因分析[J]. 无机盐工业, 2025 , 57(10) : 90 -97 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0402
To investigate the reasons for degradation of separation performance of lithium extraction nanofiltration membranes in salt lakes，two-stage nanofiltration membranes retired from lithium extraction in Qinghai Yiliping Salt Lake were autopsied and analyzed by SEM，FT-IR，ICP，XRD，XPS to understand the morphologies and compositions of the membrane fouling layer.The results showed that both membranes of stage one and stage two were primarily suffered from organic and microbial pollution，with a mass fraction of 77% and 69% respectively.The organic pollution from stage one to stage two was gradually weakened，while the inorganic pollution was aggravated.The organic foulants were mainly lipids，proteins，nucleic acids，and polysaccharides，which originated from extracellular polymers（EPS） secreted by microorganisms and microbial metabolites.Mg，Ca，Al，Fe，Si，K，Na were the predominant inorganic elements，which were clay minerals deposition from salt lake sediments such as illite，chlorite，quartz，and albite.In addition，the retired membrane were subjected to chlorination during service.The accumulation of the above pollutants and chlorination were principal factors causing performance deterioration of the retired nanofiltration membranes.This research provided a basis for the efficient operation optimization and effective control of membrane fouling in future application.
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