电极材料结构的合理设计是提高超级电容器容量、能量密度、功率密度和延长寿命的关键因素。采用相似的两步水热法，在泡沫镍网上原位生长具有高负载量的ZnCo基碱式碳酸盐纳米阵列，考察了金属离子的投料比例对电极材料的微观形貌、物相晶型和电化学性能的影响。测试结果显示，当n（Zn）∶n（Co）=1∶4时，所得ZnCo基碱式碳酸盐电极材料呈现直立生长的纳米片阵列结构，纳米片结构能够提供较大的比表面积，而相邻纳米片间的较大间距保证了开放的电解质离子传质通道，可实现优异的电荷存储容量和良好的循环稳定性。在电流密度为10 mA/cm²时，样品面积比电容为3.08 C/cm²，并在大电流下稳定测试15 000次循环。将该电极作为正极，活性炭（AC）作为负极组装成的器件可以在0~1.8 V的大电压窗口下进行测试。当功率密度为9 mW/cm²时，器件的能量密度可达0.69 mW·h/cm²。经过10 000次充放电循环测试后，器件的容量保持率为92.1%。

Rational design of electrode material structure is a key factor to improve high capacity，energy density，power density and long lifetime of supercapacitors.The ZnCo-based alkaline carbonate nano⁃arrays with high loading were grown in situ on nickel foam mesh by a similar two⁃step hydrothermal method，and the effects of the feeding ratio of metal ions on the microscopic morphology，the crystalline shape of the phases，and the electrochemical performance of the electrode materials were investigated.The test results showed that when n（Zn）∶n（Co）=1∶4，the resulting ZnCo-based alkaline carbonate electrode materials exhibited an upright⁃grown nanosheet array structure，and the nanosheet structure could provide a large specific surface area，while the large spacing between neighboring nanosheets ensured open electrolyte ion mass transfer channels，which enabled excellent charge storage capacity and good cycling stability.At a current density of 10 mA/cm²，the sample area specific capacitance was 3.08 C/cm² and it was stably tested for 15 000 cycles at high current.Moreover，the as⁃assembled supercapacitor with Zn_0.25Co-CH electrode and activated carbon（AC） negative electrode could be operated at a large voltage window of 0~1.8 V，and delivered an energy density of 0.69 mW·h/cm² at the power density of 9 mW/cm².Moreover，the device exhibited an outstanding cycle stability，while the capacity retention after 10 000 cycles was 92.1%.