为了改善生物质碳化稻壳光热转换效率不足的问题，提出利用过渡金属催化技术调控其热解碳结构，优化光热水蒸发性能。首先，制备具有多孔结构的稻壳泡沫，并在此基础上引入硝酸镍作为催化剂前驱体，在高温碳化过程中通过Ni高温催化作用催化稻壳热解碳石墨化制备石墨化碳修饰碳化稻壳泡沫（GC/CRF）光吸收体，系统研究光吸收体结构、光吸收率和光热水蒸发性能。结果表明：制备的GC/CRF光吸收体有效地保留了稻壳泡沫原有的三维多孔结构，孔径在10~100 µm，催化剂Ni均匀分散在泡沫基体中；Ni的高温催化作用使GC/CRF中原位形成大量纳米球，纳米球为典型的核壳结构，核层为纳米Ni颗粒，壳层为薄层石墨化碳；石墨化碳的形成可有效提高光吸收体的石墨化程度，进而改善光吸收率和光热水蒸发性能；碳化温度为1 200 ℃时，制备的GC/CRF光吸收体具有最优的光吸收率和光热转换效率，分别约为94%和70%。

To improve the solar-thermal conversion efficiency of biomass carbonized rice husk，the transition metal catalytic technique was proposed to regulate the pyrolytic carbon structure of carbonized rice husk and optimize the solar steam generation performance.Firstly，a typical porous rice husk foam was constructed with introducing nickel nitrate as a catalyst precursor.And then，the graphitized carbon modified carbonized rice husk foam（GC/CRF） absorber was prepared by employing transition metal Ni as catalyst to in-situ catalyze the pyrolytic carbon of rice husk graphitizing during the carbonation process.The structure，light absorption and solar steam generation performance of GC/CRF were investigated.It was showed that the prepared GC/CRF availably retained the three-dimensional porous structure of original rice husk foam with pore sizes range from 10~100 µm，and Ni catalyst was uniformly dispersed in the foam structure.By the catalysis of Ni，large numbers of core-shell nanospheres were also formed in the absorber，with nano Ni as core and graphitized carbon layer as shell.The formation of graphitized carbon showed positive effect on improving the graphitization degree of GC/CRF，so as to enhance the light absorption and solar steam generation performance.After carbonizing at 1 200 ℃，the GC/CRF absorber achieved maximum absorption and solar-vapor evaporation efficiency with values up to ~94% and ~70%.