在机械力作用下，添加膨润土、高岭土、硅灰、赤泥以提供硅/铝元素稳定生活垃圾焚烧飞灰中的重金属。实验结果表明，固化产物的成分与添加剂的硅铝比相关。添加膨润土的固化产物主要为纤水硅钙石、方解石和氧化钙；添加高岭土、赤泥的固化产物主要为方解石、水铝钙石；添加硅灰的固化产物含有方解石和少量的硅酸钙盐。固化产物均发生不同程度团聚，且孔隙直径变大。研究表明，机械化学法均能显著降低飞灰中铅、锌的浸出浓度。且铅、锌向更稳定的可氧化态和残渣态转变。综合对比发现，4种添加剂的固化效果由高到低依次为赤泥、高岭土和硅灰、膨润土。颗粒的团聚包裹作用、新生成的水铝钙石和硅酸钙盐以及可溶盐的溶解洗脱是机械化学法外加添加剂稳定飞灰中重金属的主要原因。

Bentonite，kaolin，silica fume and red mud were used as silicon-aluminum additives to stabilize heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration（MSWI） fly ash（FA） by mechanochemical method.The experiment results indicated that the composition of the immobilized products was related to the Si/Al ratio of the additives.There were okenite，calcite and calcium oxide in immobilized products derived by adding bentonite.The main phases of immobilized products were hydrocalumite and calcite，when kaolin or red mud was used as additive.For silica fume，calcite and a few of calsil were found in immobilized products.The agglomeration would happen after mechanochemical process，which leading to increasing of the pore diameter.The results showed that the leaching of Pb and Zn was inhibited after mechanochemical process.Furthermore，the oxidable form and residual form of Pb and Zn in FA was increased after mechanochemical reaction with silicon-aluminum additives.By comprehensive comparison，the order of immobilization effect was red mud>kaolin≈silica fume>bentonite.The encapsulation and agglomeration of particles，newly formed hydrocalumite and calsil，the elution of soluble salt were major cause of the solidification/stabilization of heavy metals in MSWI fly ash by mechanochemical method with external silicon-aluminum additives.