磷酸铁锂废粉硫酸氢钠焙烧回收工艺研究
收稿日期: 2022-05-22
网络出版日期: 2023-03-17
基金资助
国家自然科学项目基金(51774127);湖南省教育厅项目(20k044)
Study on roasting and recovery process of waste lithium iron phosphate powder with sodium bisulfate
Received date: 2022-05-22
Online published: 2023-03-17
随着磷酸铁锂电池新能源车产销量迅速增长，如何有效回收废旧磷酸铁锂动力电池并实现有价金属的资源化利用已成为研究热点。提出一种钠盐辅助焙烧磷酸铁锂废粉和水浸回收锂盐的工艺。在氧气气氛中磷酸铁锂废粉与一水硫酸氢钠反应生成硫酸钠锂、磷酸铁、三氧化二铁，然后通过选择性浸出、分离、沉淀得到纯度高达99.58%的磷酸锂、纯度达到99.6%的磷酸铁。对一水硫酸氢钠与磷酸铁锂废粉质量比、氧化焙烧温度、焙烧保温时间和焙烧产物水浸时间等工艺条件进行了研究，结果表明一水硫酸氢钠与磷酸铁锂废粉质量比为1.6、氧化焙烧温度为600 ℃、焙烧保温时间为60 min、焙烧产物室温水浸时间为70 min为最佳回收工艺参数，在此条件下锂离子浸出率为98.7%。该工艺在温和条件下实现了有价金属的选择性回收，有助于废旧磷酸铁锂电池资源化利用。
陈昱珏 , 张梁军 , 旷焕 , 蒋漫文 , 肖利 . 磷酸铁锂废粉硫酸氢钠焙烧回收工艺研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2023 , 55(3) : 113 -117 . DOI: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0314
With the rapid growth of the production and sales of lithium iron phosphate battery new energy vehicles，how to effectively recycle the waste lithium iron phosphate power batteries and realize the resource utilization of their valuable metals has become a research hotspot.The process of sodium salt assisted roasting of lithium iron phosphate waste powder and water leaching to recover lithium salt was proposed.In oxygen atmosphere，lithium iron phosphate waste powder was reacted with NaHSO4·H2O to produce LiNaSO4，FePO4 and Fe2O3，and then Li3PO4 with a purity of 99.58% and FePO4 with a purity of 99.6% were obtained through selective leaching，separation and precipitation.The process conditions such as the mass ratio of NaHSO4·H2O to waste LFP（lithium iron phosphate），the oxidative roasting temperature，the roasting holding time and the water immersion time of roasted products were studied.The results showed that the mass ratio of NaHSO4·H2O to waste LFP powder was 1.6，oxidative roasting at 600℃ for 60 min，and the roasted product was immersed in water for 70 min at room temperature，which were the best recovery process parameters，and the lithium ion leaching rate was 98.7%.In this process，the selective recovery of valuable metals was realized under mild conditions，which was helpful for the resource utilization of waste lithium iron phosphate batteries.
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