随着湿法冶金行业的迅速发展,其工业生产过程中的工业废水趋零排放问题日益成为业界关注的热点。通过离子交换法脱除蒸汽机械再压缩系统（MVR）产生的氯化钠和硫酸钠冷凝废水中的盐类,采用DDC600/DDA500和001×7MB/201×7MB两种混床进行对比试验,考察了预处理次数、装填高度、运行流速和温度对工作体积交换容量的影响。结果显示：在预处理次数为3次、混床高度为0.225 m、运行流速为20 m/h和温度为20 ℃条件下,混床对盐类的去除效果最佳,出水可满足回用要求。采用Thomas吸附模型对Na⁺动态吸附过程进行拟合,相关系数R²为0.965 4~0.981 0,因此有很高的拟合效果,而且通过计算得出的理论吸附量与实际吸附量的相对偏差为3.97%~6.89%。MVR冷凝废水经处理后能够实现回用,为实现真正意义上的趋零排放提供了有益的参考。

With the rapid development of the hydrometallurgy industry,the issue of zero discharge of industrial wastewater from its industrial production process has increasingly become a hot topic of concern in the industry.The effect of pretreatments times,loading height,operating flow rate and temperature on the working volume exchange capacity was investigated in a comparative test using two mixed beds,DDC600/DDA500 and 001×7MB/201×7MB,for the removal of salts from NaCl and Na₂SO₄ condensate wastewater generated by MVR.The results showed that the mixed bed was most effective in removing salts and the effluent could meet the reuse requirements at a pretreatment frequency of 3 times,a mixed bed height of 0.225 m,an operating flow rate of 20 m/h and a temperature of 20 °C.Thomas adsorption model was used to fit the Na⁺ dynamic adsorption pro-cess,and the correlation coefficient R² was ranged from 0.965 4 to 0.981 0,so there was a high fitting effect,and the relative deviations between the calculated theoretical and actual adsorption amounts were ranged from 3.97% to 6.89%.The MVR condensate wastewater could be reused after treatment,providing a useful reference for achieving a true convergence to zero discharge.