针对盐湖卤水生产光卤石存在生产周期长、产品氯化钠含量高、反应废液污染环境等问题,基于Na⁺,K⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^-—H₂O四元体系相图理论,采用双重兑卤法进行低钠光卤石生产实验研究,通过控制兑卤比例和陈化时间等因素实现高效快速生产光卤石。研究结果表明,第一次兑卤实验中,钾饱和卤水与老卤质量比为1∶1.8、陈化时间为4 h,反应液中钠离子的去除率达59.30%,钾离子的损失率为9.58%;第二次兑卤实验中,钾母液与老卤质量比为1∶1.7、陈化时间为3.5 h,反应液中钾离子的收率为62.69%,钠离子的收率为8.55%,析出固相光卤石的质量分数为96.96%,氯化钠的质量分数为3.04%;且整个实验过程无需投加浮选药剂。该法生产周期短、产品质优、对环境友好,为盐湖生产光卤石提供了不同的思路。

In allusion to the problems of long production cycle,high sodium chloride content of products and environmental pollution of reaction waste liquid in carnallite production from salt lake brine,the study of the low-sodium carnallite production was carried out by double brine mixing method based on the theory of the Na⁺,K⁺,Mg²⁺//Cl^-—H₂O quaternary system phase diagram.The highly efficient and fast production of carnallite could be achieved by controlling the ratios of brine mixing and the aging time.The research results showed that in the first brine mixing experiment,when the mass ratio of potassium saturated brine to old brine was 1∶1.8 and the aging time was 4 h,the removal rate of sodium ion was 59.30% and the loss rate of potassium ion was 9.58% in solution.In the second brine mixing experiment,when the mass ratio of potassium-rich brine to old brine was 1∶1.7 and the aging time was 3.5 h,the yields of potassium ion and sodium ion were 62.69% and 8.55% in solution,meanwhile,the contents of carnallite and sodium chloride accounted for 96.96% and 3.04% in the precipitated solid from solution.In addition,the whole experiment process did not need to add the flotation chemicals.This method has the advantages of short production cycle,excellent product quality and environmental friendly,which provides different ideas for the production of carnallite in salt lakes.