盐湖提锂萃取剂及萃取体系研究进展
收稿日期: 2020-08-21
网络出版日期: 2021-05-12
基金资助
国家自然科学基金(21878180);国家自然科学基金(51674162);青海省重点研发与转化计划(2020-GX-101)
Research progress of lithium extractants and extraction systems from salt lakes
Received date: 2020-08-21
Online published: 2021-05-12
卫丽娜 , 康锦 , 李虎 , 李恩泽 , 成怀刚 , 程芳琴 . 盐湖提锂萃取剂及萃取体系研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021 , 53(5) : 21 -25 . DOI: 10.11962/1006-4990.2020-0372
There are abundant lithium resources in China’s salt lakes.Solvent extraction is one of the most widely studied and in-depth methods at present.A large number of studies have shown that the molecular structure of extractants is the key factor to determine the extraction efficiency.The research progress of extractants and extraction systems for lithium ex-traction from salt lake brine in recent years was summarized,focusing on the research status of different types of extractants and extraction systems,such as alcohol+ketone,organophosphorus,quaternary ammonium salt-azo ion chelation-association,crownether and ionic liquid.The mechanism,characteristics and existing problems of various extractants in the process of extracting lithium were analyzed,and on this basis,the development direction of the solvent extraction method for extracting lithium from salt lake was prospected.Through this review,it can be concluded that all the five extractants have specific functional groups or structures which are complex with Li+,so lithium can be extracted from salt lake brine.The organic phosphorus extraction system has high selectivity for lithium,relatively stable chemical properties and low price,so it is the most promising extractant for industrialization.The design and synthesis of new efficient organic phosphorus extractants and the construction of efficient green extraction system have broad prospects.
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