无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ
综述与专论

盐湖提锂萃取剂及萃取体系研究进展

  • 卫丽娜 ,
  • 康锦 ,
  • 李虎 ,
  • 李恩泽 ,
  • 成怀刚 ,
  • 程芳琴
展开
  • 1.山西大学,资源与环境工程研究所,山西低附加值煤基资源利用协同创新中心,国家环境保护煤炭废弃物资源化高效利用技术重点实验室,山西太原 030006
    2.青海锦泰锂业有限公司
卫丽娜(1996— ),女,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为盐湖卤水中锂的分离提取;E-mail: 1573517025@163.com

收稿日期: 2020-08-21

  网络出版日期: 2021-05-12

基金资助

国家自然科学基金(21878180);国家自然科学基金(51674162);青海省重点研发与转化计划(2020-GX-101)

Research progress of lithium extractants and extraction systems from salt lakes

  • Lina Wei ,
  • Jin Kang ,
  • Hu Li ,
  • Enze Li ,
  • Huaigang Cheng ,
  • Fangqin Cheng
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  • 1. Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Shanxi University,Shanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Low Value-Added Utilization of Coal-Related Wastes,National Key Laboratory of High Efficiency Utilization Technology of Coal Waste in Environmental Protection,Taiyuan 030006,China
    2. Qinghai Jintai Lithium Industry Co.,Ltd.

Received date: 2020-08-21

  Online published: 2021-05-12

摘要

中国盐湖中蕴藏着丰富的锂资源,溶剂萃取法提锂是目前研究较多且较深入的方法之一。大量研究表明,萃取剂分子的结构是决定萃取效率的关键因素。对近年来盐湖卤水提锂萃取剂及萃取体系的研究进展做了综述,着重综述了醇+酮、有机磷、季胺盐-偶氮离子螯合-缔合、冠醚和离子液体等不同类型萃取剂及萃取体系的研究现状,分析了各类萃取剂在提锂过程中的机理、特点及存在的问题,并在此基础上对溶剂萃取法盐湖提锂萃取剂的发展方向做了展望。

本文引用格式

卫丽娜 , 康锦 , 李虎 , 李恩泽 , 成怀刚 , 程芳琴 . 盐湖提锂萃取剂及萃取体系研究进展[J]. 无机盐工业, 2021 , 53(5) : 21 -25 . DOI: 10.11962/1006-4990.2020-0372

Abstract

There are abundant lithium resources in China’s salt lakes.Solvent extraction is one of the most widely studied and in-depth methods at present.A large number of studies have shown that the molecular structure of extractants is the key factor to determine the extraction efficiency.The research progress of extractants and extraction systems for lithium ex-traction from salt lake brine in recent years was summarized,focusing on the research status of different types of extractants and extraction systems,such as alcohol+ketone,organophosphorus,quaternary ammonium salt-azo ion chelation-association,crownether and ionic liquid.The mechanism,characteristics and existing problems of various extractants in the process of extracting lithium were analyzed,and on this basis,the development direction of the solvent extraction method for extracting lithium from salt lake was prospected.Through this review,it can be concluded that all the five extractants have specific functional groups or structures which are complex with Li+,so lithium can be extracted from salt lake brine.The organic phosphorus extraction system has high selectivity for lithium,relatively stable chemical properties and low price,so it is the most promising extractant for industrialization.The design and synthesis of new efficient organic phosphorus extractants and the construction of efficient green extraction system have broad prospects.

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