以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为控制剂,氯化镁、氢氧化钠和氨水为原料,经静态反应制备出球形氢氧化镁前驱体,再经煅烧得到球形氧化镁。研究了控制剂种类、控制剂用量、反应物浓度、反应时间等因素对球形氧化镁形貌的影响,并用XRD、SEM等分析手段对产物做了表征。结果表明：在控制剂为聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、添加量为1.0%（质量分数）、氯化镁浓度为1.0 mol/L、氢氧化钠浓度为0.25 mol/L、反应时间为24 h的条件下,获得球形氢氧化镁前驱物;前驱物氢氧化镁在600 ℃下煅烧2 h,制得的球形氧化镁颗粒大小均匀、分散性好、球形度高,平均粒径为4.53 μm。

Using polyvinylpyrrolidone as control agent,magnesium chloride,sodium hydroxide and ammonia as raw materi-als,a spherical magnesium hydroxide precursor was prepared through static reaction,and then spherical MgO was obtained by the calcination of the magnesium hydroxide.The effects of factors such as the type of control agent,the amount of control agent,the concentration of reactants and reaction time on the morphology of spherical magnesium hydroxide were studied,and the products were characterized by XRD,SEM and other analytical methods.The results showed that using 1.0% (mass fraction) polyvinylpyrrolidone as control agent,the concentration of magnesium chloride was 1.0 mol/L,the concentration of sodium hydroxide was 0.25 mol/L and the reaction time was 24 h,then the spherical magnesium hydroxide precursor was obtained.Spherical magnesium hydroxide precursor was calcinated to obtained spherical magnesium oxide under the condition of 600 ℃ and 2 h,the prepared spherical magnesium oxide particles had uniform size,good dispersibility,high sphericity and an average particle diameter of 4.53 μm.