铬铁矿无钙焙烧铬渣的深度提铬与无害化处理
收稿日期: 2020-02-21
网络出版日期: 2020-06-12
基金资助
国家自然科学基金新疆联合基金资助项目(U1903131)
Chromium extraction and detoxification of processing residue from lime-free roasting process of chromite ore
Received date: 2020-02-21
Online published: 2020-06-12
铬铁矿无钙焙烧工艺是目前世界上铬化工行业的主流生产工艺,该工艺产出的铬渣中铬含量较高且含有六价铬,直接堆存或填埋不仅造成铬资源的浪费,还会污染环境。基于无钙焙烧铬渣的组成特点,提出了“酸浸预处理-钠化氧化焙烧-湿法解毒”的处理方法,确定了较优的工艺参数,分析了方案的可行性。研究结果表明,无钙焙烧铬渣通过两级酸浸预处理除杂,提高了铬的品位;酸浸渣经过氧化焙烧,实现了铬的深度提取;全流程铬的提取率最高达到73%以上,尾渣中氧化铬质量分数降至5.60%;尾渣经湿法解毒处理,浸出毒性满足进入一般工业固体废物填埋场填埋的污染控制指标限值的要求。该研究结果可为无钙焙烧铬渣的深度提铬和无害化处理提供新的技术思路。
庆朋辉 , 董玉明 , 王兴润 , 朱开生 , 牛仁杰 , 孟静娟 , 陈小红 , 陈辉霞 , 张红玲 , 徐红彬 . 铬铁矿无钙焙烧铬渣的深度提铬与无害化处理[J]. 无机盐工业, 2020 , 52(6) : 63 -67 . DOI: 10.11962/1006-4990.2020-0071
The lime-free roasting process of chromite ore is the mainstream production process in global chromium chemical industry at present.However,the chromite ore processing residue（COPR） produced by the lime-free roasting process contains hexavalent chromium with high content.Direct storage or landfill of COPR leads to not only chromium resource waste but also environmental pollution.Based on the composition characteristics of the COPR,an technical route of acid leaching,oxidative roasting and hydrometallurgical detoxification was put forward.The proper technical parameters were determined and the technical feasibility was discussed.The results showed that,the chromium content of the COPR can be significant improved after impurity removal through two-steps acid leaching treatment.The efficient extraction of chromium from COPR was there-fore achieved by oxidative roasting the acid-leaching COPR.The chromium extraction rate achieved as high as 73%,and the mass fraction of Cr2O3 in the tailings reduced to 5.60%.After hydrometallurgical detoxification,the leaching toxicity can meet the requirements of pollution control index limit for landfill.The research results can provide a technical solution to the chromium extraction and detoxification of the COPR from the lime-free roasting process of chromite ore.
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