在混合悬浮结晶器中研究了氯化铵结晶热力学和动力学特性。以硝酸锰为添加剂,配制了质量分数为0.23%的硝酸锰水溶液,测定了氯化铵在该溶液中的溶解度及超溶解度。研究了硝酸锰对氯化铵晶体粒度分布的影响,得到了晶体变异系数。考察了过饱和度对氯化铵结晶线性生长速率和成核速率的影响,得到了成核-生长动力学方程。结果表明：介稳区宽度随温度升高而减小;添加晶种,介稳区宽度变窄。随硝酸锰溶液浓度增大,晶体变异系数逐渐降低并趋于平缓。当硝酸锰的质量分数逐渐增大到0.307%时,晶体变异系数几乎不再降低。线性生长速率和成核速率随溶液过饱和度的增大而增加,得到的动力学方程与实验数据吻合较好,有一定的工业参考价值。

The thermodynamic and kinetic properties of ammonium chloride crystallization were investigated in a hybrid sus-pension crystallizer.A manganese nitrate aqueous solution with a mass fraction of 0.23% was prepared by using manganese nitrate as an additive,and the solubility and supersolubility of ammonium chloride in the solution were determined.The effect of manganese nitrate on the particle size distribution of ammonium chloride crystal was studied and the coefficient of variation of crystal was obtained.The effects of supersaturation on the linear growth rate and nucleation rate of ammonium chloride crystal were investigated,and the nucleation-growth kinetics equation was obtained.The results showed that the width of the metastable zone decreased with increasing temperature,and seed crystals were added,and the width of the metastable zone was narrowed.As the concentration of the manganese nitrate solution increased,the coefficient of variation of the crystal grad-ually decreased and tended to be gentle.When the concentration of manganese nitrate was gradually increased to 0.307%,the coefficient of variation of the crystal was hardly reduced.The linear growth rate and nucleation rate increased with the increase of solution supersaturation.The obtained kinetic equation agrees well with the experimental data and has certain industrial reference value.