分级研究了热活化条件下高铝煤矸石在盐酸和氢氧化钠溶液中的铝硅溶出行为。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）和比表面积测定仪（BET）对煤矸石试样做了表征分析。通过正交实验分析了反应温度、反应时间、初始酸碱浓度和固液比对热活化处理后高铝煤矸石中Al2O3和酸浸渣SiO2溶出率的影响。结果表明：酸浸溶出Al2O3反应过程中，固液质量比和酸浸时间对溶出率的影响最为显著，酸浸过程的最优工艺条件：初始盐酸质量分数为20%、酸浸温度为90 ℃、酸浸时间为2.5 h、固液质量比为1∶6，在此条件下，Al2O3的浸取率达82.95%；强碱溶解酸浸渣溶出SiO2反应过程最优工艺条件：碱溶温度为95 ℃、碱溶时间为2.0 h、NaOH质量分数为20%、固液质量比为1∶10，在此条件下SiO2溶出率为69.74%，碱溶温度和碱液浓度对溶出率的影响最为显著。

The dissolution behavior of aluminum and silicon from high-alumina coal gangue of HCl and NaOH solutions were investigated classify under the condition of thermal activation.The sample of coal gangue was characterized by X-ray diffrac tion（XRD），scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and surface area measurement（BET）.By using orthogonal experiment，The effect of reaction temperature，reaction time，initial concentration of HCl and NaOH，and solid liquid ratio on the leaching rate of Al2O3 and the dissolution rate of SiO2 as acid leaching residue from high alumina coal gangue treated by thermal acti vation process was analyzed.The results of the process of acid leaching extraction of Al2O3 showed that the order of the influ ence of reaction conditions on the dissolution rate of Al2O3 were solid liquid ratio and reaction time．The optimal process con ditions were as follows: the initial mass fraction of HCl was 20%，the acidleaching temperature was 90 ℃，the acidleaching time was 2.5 h and the solidliquid mass ratio was 1∶6.Under the conditions，the leaching rate of Al2O3 reached 82.95%．The results of the process of alkali solution extraction of SiO2 showed that the order of the optimal process conditions were as fol lows：the alkalidissolution temperature was 95 ℃，the alkali dissolution time was 2 h、the mass fraction of NaOH was 20% and the solid liquid ratio was 1∶10.Under the conditions，the SiO2 dissolution rate reached 69.74%．The order of the influence of reaction conditions on the dissolution rate of SiO2 was：alkali dissolutio temperature and sodium hydroxide concentration.