无机盐工业
主管:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
主办:中海油天津化工研究设计院有限公司
   中海油炼油化工科学研究院(北京)有限公司
   中国化工学会无机酸碱盐专业委员会
ISSN 1006-4990 CN 12-1069/TQ

无机盐工业 ›› 2025, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (10): 41-48.doi: 10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2024-0564

• 研究与开发 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地马海地区深层卤水室内蒸发及元素行为研究

时历杰1,2,3(), 张秀峰1,2,3(), 张利珍1,2,3, 伊跃军1,2,3, 谭秀民1,2,3   

  1. 1.中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所,河南 郑州 450006
    2.国家非金属矿资源综合利用工程技术研究中心,河南 郑州 450006
    3.自然资源部多金属矿综合利用评价重点实验室,河南 郑州 450006
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-10-10 发布日期:2024-12-05
  • 通讯作者: 张秀峰(1986— ),博士,正高级工程师,主要从事锂铷铯、盐湖卤水等矿产资源综合利用研究;E-mail:zh200318@126.com
  • 作者简介:时历杰(1984— ),男,硕士,主要从事盐湖资源综合开发利用研究;E-mail:shilijie@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划青年科学家项目(2022YFC2906300);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230303)

Study on indoor evaporation and elemental behaviors of deep brine from Mahai region in Qaidam Basin

SHI Lijie1,2,3(), ZHANG Xiufeng1,2,3(), ZHANG Lizhen1,2,3, YI Yuejun1,2,3, TAN Xiumin1,2,3   

  1. 1. Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Zhengzhou 450006,China
    2. China National Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Industrial Minerals,Zhengzhou 450006,China
    3. Key Laboratory of Polymetallic Ores′ Evaluation and Utilization,NMR,Zhengzhou 450006,China
  • Received:2024-10-25 Published:2025-10-10 Online:2024-12-05

摘要:

为开发马海深层卤水钾、锂等资源,首先通过统计并综合对比马海地区深层卤水与潜卤水的水化学特征参数,确定本实验深层卤水水化学性质介于潜卤水向深层卤水转变阶段,卤水类型为硫酸镁亚型,其水化学特征参数m(KCl)/m(MgCl2)数值高达0.519,卤水组成点向KCl组成点靠近,钾石盐段的析出率延长。通过15~25 ℃室内蒸发实验、阶段液固相组成、固相物相XRD表征等研究,确定实验卤水蒸发路线、水化学特征参数、元素行为等规律。蒸发分为石盐、钾石盐和光卤石3个阶段,钾以钾石盐(KCl)和光卤石(Car)两种物相形式析出沉积,KCl物相的析出量占钾总析出量的61%,光卤石段并伴有泻利盐、水氯镁石的析出沉积。卤水锂、硼、溴等微量元素始终以离子形式赋存于卤水中富集浓缩,老卤中离子质量浓度已达到0.2 g/L以上。实验结果与25 ℃ Na+,K+,Mg2+//Cl-,SO42--H2O五元体系介稳相图蒸发理论预测计算对比,两者吻合度较好,相图理论计算能够很好地指导实际马海深层卤水蒸发析盐。研究结果为马海地区深层卤水的综合开发利用提供了理论支持。

关键词: 深层卤水, 水化学特征, 相图计算, 钾盐沉积, 元素行为, 硫酸镁亚型

Abstract:

In order to develop potassium and lithium resources in the deep brine from Mahai region,through the statistics and comprehensively comparison of hydrochemical characteristics of the deep brine and subsurface brine from Mahai region firstly,it was determined that the deep brine of this experiment was in the transition stage from subsurface brine to deep brine.The type of experimental brine was still magnesium sulfate subtype,and its hydrochemical characteristic parameter m(KCl)/m(MgCl2) was so high to 0.519 that it was nearer to the composition point of phase KCl,with prolonged precipitation rate of the sylvinite section.Then,through the indoor evaporation experiment at 15~25 ℃,chemical compositions of stage liquid and solid phase,and XRD patterns analysis,laws including the evaporation route of Mahai deep brine,hydrochemical characteristics,elemental behaviors were determined.The evaporation was divided into three stages:halite,sylvinite and carnallite,potassium was deposited in two phases,KCl and Car,with phase KCl accounting for 61% of total potassium precipitation,and the carnallite section was accompanied by deposition of phase epsomite and phase bischofite.Trace elements such as Li,B,and Br were always concentrated in the form of ions,and the ion concentration had reached more than 0.2 g/L in the bittern.Finally,there was a good match between experimental results and theoretical evaporation calculations,theoretical calculations of the metastable phase diagram 25 ℃ Na+,K+,Mg2+//Cl-,SO42--H2O could be used to guide the actual Mahai deep brine evaporation better.The results provided theoretical support for the exploitation and comprehensive utilization of Mahai deep brine.

Key words: deep brine, hydrochemical characteristics, phase diagram calculations, potash deposit, elemental behaviors, magnesium sulfate subtype

中图分类号: