纳米级增强体复合硅气凝胶的研究进展

doi:10.11962/1006-4990.2019-0269

Abstract

Abstract:

The application of silica aerogel is restricted due to its high brittleness and low mechanical strength.Conventional reinforced silica aerogel composites with micron size or larger can improve the properties of silica aerogel,but it is difficult to enhance the pore size in the nanometer size range.At present,synthetic polymer nanofibers,cellulose nanofibers,nanotubes,inorganic nanofibers,graphene and graphene oxide etc.could be used to enhance the properties of silica aerogel.The nano-sized reinforced material can be evenly dispersed in the nano-sized pores of silica aerogels.It has the advantages of low dry shrink and large specific surface area,which can effectively improve compressive strength and toughness of silica aerogel.

Key words: silica aerogel, reinforced material, nanometer size, nano-sized pores, enhancing and toughening

CLC Number:

O648.1

Zhao Hongkai,Shao Kai,Liu Wei. Research progress of nano-sized reinforced silica aerogel composites[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2020, 52(4): 7-11.

Figures/Tables 1

References 40

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样品	力学性能/ MPa	比表面积/ （m²·g^-1）	热导率/ [W·（m·K）^-1]
超临界法制备硅气凝胶	拉伸强度0.016	900.00	0.013
28%聚合物静电纺丝增强硅气凝胶	拉伸强度1.03	—	0.027
3.6%纳米纤维素增强硅气凝胶	拉伸强度0.070	735.00	0.015
1%纳米管增强硅气凝胶	抗压强度1.26	871.91	0.023
42%SiO₂纳米纤维网增强硅气凝胶	断裂强度6.50	624.19	0.021
26%金属纳米线增强硅气凝胶	压缩强度9.68	827.22	—
5%纳米片层增强硅气凝胶	抗压强度0.09	421.90	0.038

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Research progress of nano-sized reinforced silica aerogel composites

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