鸭湖构造深部卤水自然蒸发实验研究

doi:10.19964/j.issn.1006-4990.2022-0348

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过自然蒸发实验，对鸭湖背斜构造深部卤水进行了研究，得到了该卤水在自然蒸发过程中各元素富集规律及析盐规律。受高含量钙影响，卤水蒸发路线在K⁺，Na⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^--H₂O（25 ℃）介稳相图中偏移比较明显，可与Na⁺，K⁺，Mg²⁺，Ca²⁺//Cl^--H₂O（25 ℃，对NaCl饱和）介稳相图相结合对实验数据进行分析。卤水自然蒸发过程中矿物析出顺序为：石膏→石盐→光卤石→南极石→溢晶石；光卤石产量较小并且质量不高；锂最终浓缩至质量浓度约为2.9 g/L时，硼、锶、溴、碘、铷、铯等微量元素均有析出。实验数据和结论为针对该类型卤水进行更深入的综合开发利用研究提供了依据，如前期除钙后梯度提取硼酸、碳酸锂、溴素等产品。

关键词: 鸭湖构造, 深部卤水, 高钙, 自然蒸发, 梯度开发

Abstract:

Through the natural evaporation test，the deep brine of Yahu anticline structure was studied，and the enrichment law and salt evolution law of each element in the natural evaporation process of the brine were obtained.Affected by the high content of calcium，the brine evaporation route was shifted significantly in the K⁺，Na⁺，Mg²⁺//Cl^--H₂O（25 ℃） metastable phase diagram，which could be combined with the Na⁺，K⁺，Mg²⁺，Ca²⁺//Cl^--H₂O（25 ℃，Saturated with NaCl） metastable phase diagram to analyze the experimental data.The sequence of mineral precipitation during natural evaporation of brine was gypsum→halite→carnallite→Antarcticite→tachydrite.Carnallite production was small and its quality was not high.Li was concentrated to about 2.9 g/L，and trace elements such as B，Sr，Br，I，Rb and Cs were separated out.The experimental data and conclusions provided a basis for further comprehensive development and utilization of this type of brine，such as the gradient extraction of boric acid，lithium carbonate，bromine and other products after early calcium removal.

Key words: Yahu structure, deep brine, high calcium content, natural evaporation, gradient development

中图分类号:

P746.3

武丽平,袁红战,靳芳. 鸭湖构造深部卤水自然蒸发实验研究[J]. 无机盐工业, 2022, 54(11): 71-78.

WU Liping,YUAN Hongzhan,JIN Fang. Study on natural evaporation experimental of deep brine in Yahu structure[J]. Inorganic Chemicals Industry, 2022, 54(11): 71-78.

图/表 17

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项目	各元素质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
项目	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	B₂O₃	Li⁺
指标	476.3	39 361	6 076	869.1	73 319	699.3	403.7	29.50
项目	各元素质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）					密度/ （g·mL^-1）	卤温/ ℃	pH
项目	Sr²⁺	Br^-	I^-	Rb⁺	Cs⁺	密度/ （g·mL^-1）	卤温/ ℃	pH
指标	321.2	57.37	22.15	0.609	0.115	1.081	22.0	7.13

元素	检测方法	使用仪器
K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、SO₄^2-、Li⁺、Sr²⁺	电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法	Agilent 5800型ICP-OES
Cl^-	硝酸银容量法	50 mL酸式滴定管
B₂O₃	容量法	50 mL酸式滴定管
Rb⁺、Cs⁺	电感耦合等离子体质谱法	Agilent 7800型ICP-MS
Br^-、I^-	分光光度法	P9PC型紫外可见分光光度计
pH	pH玻璃电极法	PHSJ-4A型pH计
密度	比重瓶法	MS105型电子天平
矿物类型	X射线衍射（XRD）分析	D8 Discover型X衍射分析仪

取样日期	卤温/ ℃	密度/ （g.mL^-1）	pH	矿化度/（g.L^-1）	液样编号	固样编号
2020.07.05	22.00	1.080 9	7.13	121.6	YL₀	—
2020.09.02	16.50	1.189 7	8.60	287.1	YL₁	YS₁
2020.09.06	16.00	1.208 3	8.14	329.9	YL₂	YS₂
2020.09.08	20.00	1.208 5	8.16	325.5	YL₃	YS₃
2020.10.13	15.90	1.217 3	8.45	326.8	YL₅	YS₅
2021.01.28	4.20	1.236 8	8.01	334.6	YL₉	YS_9、YS₉′
2021.03.03	7.80	1.253 3	8.35	361.5	YL₁₀	YS₁₀
2021.03.21	10.10	1.268 2	8.28	376.2	YL₁₁	YS₁₁
2021.04.05	21.50	1.274 6	8.20	397.9	YL₁₂	YS₁₂
2021.04.15	17.00	1.294 1	8.17	418.7	YL₁₃	YS_13、YS₁₃′
2021.04.27	19.00	1.329 3	8.07	473.7	YL₁₅	YS₁₅
2021.05.03	9.00	1.360 0	—	495.0	YL₁₆	YS_16、YS₁₆′
2021.05.06	13.90	1.372 0	8.01	536.8	YL₁₇	YS₁₇
2021.05.08	19.60	1.390 3	8.00	572.1	YL₁₈	YS₁₈
2021.05.12	17.60	1.411 6	7.95	600.3	YL₂₀	YS_20、YS₂₀′
2021.05.21	14.00	1.416 4	7.97	607.4	YL₂₁	YS₂₁
2021.05.26	15.30	1.423 6	7.71	606.7	YL₂₃	YS_23、YS₂₃′
2021.06.03	18.30	1.442 7	7.68	646.8	YL₂₄	YS₂₄
2021.07.02	19.80	1.464 4	7.65	696.0	YL₂₅	YS₂₅
2021.07.12	21.30	1.454 4	7.58	677.0	YL₂₆	YS₂₆
2021.07.19	28.50	1.498 6	7.58	759.6	YL₂₇	YS₂₇
2021.07.31	23.00	1.512 5	—	774.3	YL₂₈	YS₂₈
2021.08.03	22.00	1.551 6	7.95	781.4	YL₂₉	YS₂₉

液样编号	各离子的质量浓度/（g·L^-1）						相图指数/（10^-2g·g^-1）			相图指数/（10^-2g·g^-1）
液样编号	K⁺	Na⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	Cl^-	SO₄^2-	KCl	NaCl	MgCl₂	KCl	MgCl₂	CaCl₂
YL₀	0.476	39.36	6.076	0.869	73.32	0.699	0.87	95.87	3.26	4.30	16.11	79.60
YL₁	0.960	94.03	13.67	1.994	173.5	1.120	0.74	96.12	3.14	3.85	16.44	79.71
YL₂	1.141	108.4	15.14	2.372	199.9	0.965	0.76	96.00	3.24	4.08	17.41	78.52
YL₅	1.760	95.36	22.74	3.449	200.0	0.532	1.29	93.49	5.21	4.20	16.92	78.87
YL₉	3.410	60.76	50.65	7.409	205.5	0.202	3.42	81.30	15.28	3.70	16.51	79.79
YL₁₃	6.506	18.50	106.0	14.90	259.9	0.199	10.53	39.92	49.55	3.41	16.02	80.57
YL₁₅	8.016	10.12	128.4	18.95	293.2	0.197	13.26	22.33	64.41	3.43	16.68	79.89
YL₁₆	9.079	6.990	129.4	20.52	311.6	0.142	14.99	15.39	69.62	3.80	17.63	78.58
YL₁₇	9.769	5.130	142.3	21.92	338.6	0.175	15.85	11.09	73.06	3.73	17.22	79.04
YL₁₈	8.645	3.147	157.7	22.80	361.3	0.173	14.48	7.03	78.49	3.04	16.47	80.50
YL₂₀	5.765	2.209	169.4	22.77	382.7	0.195	10.39	5.31	84.30	1.93	15.67	82.40
YL₂₁	4.144	2.481	178.2	24.55	379.1	0.173	7.16	5.72	87.13	1.32	16.09	82.58
YL₂₃	3.646	2.577	165.7	31.55	382.7	0.302	5.07	4.78	90.15	1.18	20.97	77.85
YL₂₄	2.163	1.997	165.8	42.21	406.5	0.348	2.36	2.91	94.73	0.66	26.30	73.04
YL₂₅	1.617	1.585	171.5	50.24	442.1	0.378	1.51	1.98	96.51	0.46	29.16	70.38
YL₂₆	2.243	1.488	181.3	35.33	430.7	0.295	2.92	2.58	94.50	0.66	21.46	77.87
YL₂₇	3.071	1.710	215.6	31.04	480.6	0.306	4.44	3.30	92.26	0.81	16.78	82.41
YL₂₈	3.852	1.257	221.8	25.52	490.1	0.351	6.65	2.89	90.46	1.02	13.86	85.12
YL₂₉	3.809	2.515	239.3	25.19	491.9	0.520	6.46	5.69	87.84	0.94	12.84	86.22

液样编号	各物质质量浓度/（mg·L^-1）
液样编号	B₂O₃	Li⁺	Sr²⁺	Rb⁺	Cs⁺	Br^-	I^-
YL₀	403.7	29.50	321.2	0.609	0.115	57.37	22.15
YL₁	955.3	70.75	762.8	1.517	0.311	—	—
YL₂	1 117	78.34	820.4	—	—	—	—
YL₅	1 660	128.1	1 215	2.450	0.483	224.90	71.08
YL₉	3 680	290.8	2 711	6.077	1.134	458.60	136.4
YL₁₃	7 187	553.0	5 060	11.17	2.027	—	—
YL₁₅	8 488	683.3	5 649	15.21	2.669	1 091	284.1
YL₁₆	9 018	784.3	7 446	—	—	1 234	95.39
YL₁₇	9 858	825.3	8 205	13.05	1.937	—	—
YL₁₈	11 052	907.4	6 372	9.891	1.451	—	—
YL₂₀	12 952	1 069	3 298	2.459	0.214	1 441	125.1
YL₂₁	15 626	1 231	1 898	2.097	0.632	—	—
YL₂₃	18 461	1 584	163.6	0.950	0.158	2 077	49.58
YL₂₄	25 498	2 191	47.12	0.876	0.217	—	—
YL₂₅	25 908	2 641	23.34	—	—	1 206	108.9
YL₂₈	28 740	2 590	187.7	—	—	—	—
YL₂₉	15 015	2 899	181.8	—	—	1 512	49.72

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