Abstract: Bismuth trisulfide (Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB>) nanorods with uniform size and relatively higher slenderness ratio have been successfully synthesized by reflux method under normal atmosphere at 187 ℃ for 6 h,using thioacetamide (CH<SUB>3</SUB>CSNH<SUB>2</SUB>) and bismuth chloride (BiCl<SUB>3</SUB>) as raw materials,1,2-propanediol as solvent,and polyethylene glycol 800 (PEG800) as surfactant.X-ray power diffraction (XRD) results showed that the product was orthorhombic Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> phase with cell constants:a=1.081 3 nm,b=1.125 8 nm,c=0.394 0 nm.Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM),selected area electron diffraction(SAED),and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that these Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods possessed a diameter around 80 nm,length up to 1 μm and oriented in a[001] growth direction.Growth mechanism of Bi<SUB>2</SUB>S<SUB>3</SUB> nanorods was also discussed and influences of different reaction media,sulfur sources as well as surfactants on product′s crystal morphology were investigated. 